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The burden of disease from ambient and indoor air pollution is highest in low-income countries, while their resources for monitoring air pollutants are the lowest. PM2.5 is the primary indicator of air pollution. Reference monitors of PM2.5 are expensive, but there is an increased use of low-cost sensors (LCS). Three LCS, the UCB-PATS+ (PATS), Airvisual Pro (IQAV) and Sensirion SPS30 (SPSA) are be
Effective irrigation scheduling is essential for improved water management in irrigated areas, with soil moisture monitoring recognized as one of the most effective methods. However, challenges such as the high cost of sensors and the difficulties in monitoring large areas hinder their practical application, particularly for smallholder farmers. This study aimed to design and test a locally made l
This chapter explore cases of language inaccessibility through examples from before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The examples illustrate inaccessibility of information during daily press conferences, hin- drances to, as well as possibilities of, digitalisation of education, and language barriers emerging through the widespread use of closed captioning for pre-recorded online lectures. Althoug
In today’s dynamic economic climate, businesses are increasingly compelled to reassess their organisational strategies. This shift is driven by varied profitability across sectors, fluctuating market demands, evolving consumer preferences, and heightened sustainability imperatives. To stay competitive, many industries are embracing advanced technologies including big data, cyber-physical systems (
The once abundant European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is currently classified as a Critically Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Although both the European Union (through the 2007 Eel Regulation) and its member states have implemented various conservation actions, many uncertainties remain regarding the actual and anticipated effectiveness of these measures. Thi
BACKGROUND: Knockdown effect, especially in pyrethroid-based household and public insecticides, is often considered a practical indicator of insecticidal efficacy. However, whether faster knockdown implies lethality remains uncertain because the relationship between the two effects has not been systematically explored. This study examined whether knockdown speed is associated with mortality across
Songbirds rely on an endogenous programme encoding spatio-temporal information necessary for naive individuals to perform their first migration. Timing programmes are generated by endogenous clocks and include responses to external cues, with photoperiod being the most important. Photoperiod can advance or delay the circannual cycle and, while it is well established as a trigger for initiating mig
This study examines social-class and urban–rural differentials in childhood mortality in Sweden from 1880 to 1910, a period of steady mortality decline, ongoing industrialization, and urbanization. Urbanization brought improvements in water quality and sanitation but also increased risks from overcrowding, pollution, and infectious diseases. It remains unexplored whether these changes narrowed or
Which biological and molecular processes contribute to the pathophysiology of orthostatic hypotension? Orthostatic hypotension is associated with alterations in coagulation, complement, and extracellular matrix pathways, pointing to molecular effects beyond blood pressure regulation and broader vascular and inflammatory phenotypes.
Objectives The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study reexamination (SCAPIS reexamination) is the first population-based study to employ coronary CT angiography (CCTA) using photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT). It includes 15,000 participants from SCAPIS baseline. This work aims to describe the PCD-CT protocol in SCAPIS reexamination, compare diagnostic image quality with energy-integrating detec
Background: Identifying novel genetic causes of diabetes in the first 6 months of life (neonatal diabetes) can highlight genes and pathways essential for pancreatic beta-cell development and function in humans. Our aim was to uncover genetic aetiologies of neonatal diabetes. Methods: We performed genome sequencing in 38 probands diagnosed with neonatal diabetes without an identified genetic cause,
Although consisting of EU (potential) candidate countries, the Western Balkan Six (WB6: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia) remain largely absent from the study of party politics. Mapping the dominant lines of party contestation in the region and comparing them cross-nationally is vital to understanding what types of ideological conflicts divide the par
Introduction: We herein report two patients developing secondary adenocarcinomas arising in colonic segments used for urinary diversion a.m. Lundiana in a population-based series 16 and 27 years after cystectomy, respectively. Case Presentation: Following initial partial resection of the pouch, both patients experienced local recurrence; one subsequently developed distant metastases and died from
Importance Double awareness, the ability to live meaningfully while preparing for the end of life, is central to serious illness conversations. In hematology, prognostic uncertainty and expectations of novel therapies often delay prognostic dialogue, limiting opportunities to cultivate double awareness in patients and caregivers. Objective To explore how patients, caregivers, and hematology clinic
Background/Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is primarily treated via dietary modifications. Several diets have been shown to improve symptoms with similar efficacy. Other aspects of IBS, such as insufficient nutrient intake and being overweight, should also be considered when planning treatment options. The present scoping review aimed to identify various diets investigated in IBS-relate
Swedish family and cancer data constitute the largest source on familial cancer in the world. We analyze here familial risks in prostate cancer (PC) with focus on multiple affected brothers and comparation of full-brothers to maternal and paternal half-brothers. Age-specific incidence and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for PC in brothers. Curves for relative risk (RR) by diag
