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Enligt den svenska rättsordningen kan hemliga tvångsmedel användas av de brottsbekämpande myndigheterna i såväl brottsutredande som brottsförebyggande syfte. Med begreppet preventiva tvångsmedel avses vidare de tvångsåtgärder som vidtas i de brottsbekämpande myndigheternas underrättelseverksamhet, innan en förundersökning har inletts och då en konkret och individualiserad brottsmisstanke ännu inteAccording to the Swedish legal system, secret coercive measures can be used by law enforcement authorities for both crime investigation and crime prevention purposes. Furthermore, the term preventive coercive measures refers to those coercive measures taken outside a preliminary investigation in the intelligence activities of law enforcement authorities. From a law enforcement perspective, these p

Till följd av principen om allas likhet inför lagen riskerar vårdpersonal allmänt åtal för misstag som föranlett att en allvarlig vårdskada har inträf-fat. Även om antalet rättsfall inte är många syftar denna uppsats till att under-söka det straffrättsliga ansvar som föreligger för enskild vårdpersonal för misstag som sker i yrkesutövningen. Särskilt undersöks de faktorer som kan vara av betydelsDue to the principle of equality before the law health care practitioners’ risk being subjected to public prosecution in general court because of a mistake made in their work. Although the number of legal cases is low, this essay aims to examine criminal liability for health care practitioners for mistakes that occur during their professional practice. In particular, the factors that might be of

To bring your case in front of a court – “Access to Justice” – is something most of us look upon as a human right for the citizens in a state governed by law. But to process in court demands time, knowledge and not least money. To facilitate “Access to Court” there is a possibility for litigants in Sweden to apply for legal aid. The government then (partly) finances the legal help one can be l

Att föräldraskap ska kunna förenas med förvärvsarbete är en uttalad ambition både från den svenska lagstiftaren och från EU. I svensk rätt finns regler som syftar till att möjliggöra detta i diskrimineringslagen i form av regler om aktiva åtgärder, det vill säga arbetsgivarens förebyggande och främjande arbete, och i föräldraledighetslagen. Samtidigt präglas arbetsrätten av arbetsgivarens rätt attThe possibility for workers to be able to balance and combine parenthood with employment is an expressed ambition from both the Swedish legislator and from the EU. In Swedish law, there are rules that aim to enable this in the Discrimination Act in form of rules and active measures, i.e., the employer’s preventative and promoted work, as well as in the Parental Leave Act. At the same time, labour

Climate change is a global issue and a serious threat to the world we live in. The consequences of climate change are devastating. Despite the overwhelming scientific consensus on climate change, studies have shown that politicians and voters of far-right parties are particularly likely to dismiss climate change. People who in various ways go against the research and large amounts of scientific ev

The topic of fires in corners and along walls has been studied previously, however, two different studies conducted in 1987 and 2018 respectively, produced conflicting results regarding plume temperature for fires along walls, as well as hot gas layer temperature for both fires in corners and along walls. This thesis seeks to add data and clarification about fires in corners and along walls. T

Residential segregation is a geographical expression of inequality. The aim of this thesis is to examine how segregation has been represented as a problem in Swedish politics in recent years. My objects of study are two budget proposals, by Stefan Löfven (S) (2021) and Ulf Kristersson (M) (2022) respectively. I have made a poststructural policy analysis using Carol Bacchis method “What's the p

During the NATO application process for Sweden and Finland, Türkiye has halted the rapid pace of member states ratification through a set of conditions. This thesis’ aim is to examine the mechanisms behind the gatekeeping position upheld by Türkiye. My object of study consists of a transcript of a press briefing, held by the President of the European Parliament and the NATO Secretary General, and

With a focus on Swedish national newspapers, the purpose of this thesis is to research and analyse the depiction of Ukrainian refugees. The reason behind the study is the hypothesis that Ukrainian refugees have been depicted in the media in a more positive light compared to other refugees from previous refugee crises. With the use of visual content analysis, front-page images from the newspapers S

This thesis project is aimed to answer the questions: What could be done to design areas for making them flood resilient? How can sustainable urban design be adapted to provide flood resilience while transforming an area into a more livable space? Starting with these questions, the past of Hamburg and existing situation have been analyzed, a research has been done about the floods, climate change

The Scandinavian countries have neither been a focus area in terrorism nor intelligence studies, even though the Scandinavian intelligence agencies perceive the terrorist threats as rather present in their countries. This thesis aims to examine the similarities and differences within the assessment of the most significant terrorist threats in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway between 2001-2022 based on

Pre-electoral coalitions affect the involved parties in a unique and yet a quite undiscovered way. The largest and most successful pre-electoral coalition in Sweden was called the Alliance and was created prior to the 2006 parliament election.. Although pre-electoral coalitions are heavily underrepresented in coalition studies, there are existing hypotheses about the connection between parties ent

South Africa secretly produced six and a half nuclear weapons from 1978-1989 before undertaking a complete nuclear disarmament between 1989-1991; it is the only instance in history of when a state has discarded an indigenously developed nuclear arsenal and presents a unique case for studying the nuclear decision-making of states. This thesis is a theory-testing case study where I, by conducting a

The European Union (EU) has long suffered from a democratic deficit, something that has been highlighted many times by politicians, media and citizens alike. The EU has in turn tried to better its democratic standing by increasing the power of the European Parliament (EP) through the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009. This has however not increased turnout in the EP elections substantially, as only the lat

Shopping for second-hand clothes is a phenomenon that has been on the rise, especially for the last twenty years. Second-hand clothes (SHC) consumption is a consumer-generated shopping trend whose consumers are discursively creating new identity meaning(s) for themselves out of their consumption. It has changed the outlook to become a fashionable trend in the last 20 years and is positively influe

Bakgrund: Hot och våld blir allt vanligare inom hälso- och sjukvården samt ambulanssjukvården. Anledningen till varför det sker kan bero på olika saker, allt från påverkan av berusningsmedel till psykisk ohälsa och kan uttryckas verbalt, fysiskt och psykiskt. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva ambulanspersonalens hantering av hotfulla och våldsamma situationer i ambulanssjukvården. M

This thesis is a descriptive case study of the institutional measures to improve women’s representation in Chile between 2015 and 2022. Women in Chile have historically been underrepresented because of two institutions introduced by former dictator Pinochet: the 1980 constitution and the binomial electoral system. In 2015, Chile reformed its electoral system to replace the binomial system with a

Influencing at the municipal level is imperative for Swedish democracy. The purpose of this study is to understand how influencing municipal politicians can be done. This was done by way of investigating if the speed limit outside a preschool in West harbor, Malmö could be affected. Qualitative text analysis of public documents, social media excerpts, an interview with the municipality politician

What have the EU institutions done to safeguard rule of law values in Poland and Hungary? The goal of this thesis is to examine how Hungary and Poland have acted in ways that contradict EU values of rule of law, as well as what the EU institutions have done to safeguard these principles legislated in the Union's rule of law principle. Using a modified theory of external governance to explain i

This exploratory investigation examines the Argentinian social movement for abortion rights, to provide material of strategies used by a successful social movement. By conducting interviews with participants of the movement, scholars, and representatives of feminist organisations in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the research gains first-hand insight to chart the strategies that were used. Assisting the