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Global warming has largely advanced spring vegetation phenology, which has subsequently affected terrestrial carbon and water cycles. However, further shifts in vegetation phenology under future climate change remain unclear. We estimated the start of the growing season (SOS) by applying multiple extraction methods based on the NDVI3g data set, and then parameterized and evaluated 11 spring vegeta
Brevicoryne brassicae, an aphid species, exclusively consumes plants from the Brassicaceae family and employs a sophisticated defense mechanism involving a myrosinase enzyme that breaks down glucosinolates obtained from its host plants. In this work, we employed combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the catalytic
Net rhizodeposition corresponds to the portion of living root carbon (C) that remains in the soil after microbial processing and partial decomposition. Although it is assumed that this C input exerts an important role in the formation of soil organic matter (SOM), its contribution to distinct SOM pools is still not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to (i) quantify the retention of net rhiz
BACKGROUND: Blood-based biomarkers have the potential to reflect cerebrovascular signaling after microvascular injury; yet, the detection of cell-specific signaling has proven challenging. Microvesicles retain parental cell surface antigens allowing detection of cell-specific signaling encoded in their cargo. In ischemic stroke, the progression of pathology involves changes in microvascular signal
Bi2O3 is a promising material for solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) due to the high ionic conductivity of some phases. The largest value is reached for its δ-phase, but it is normally stable at temperatures too high for SOFC operation, while nanostructured oxide is believed to have more suitable stabilization temperature. However, to manufacture such a material with a controlled chemical composition i
A small CdZnTe-based hand-held gamma-camera has been acquired, intended to be used for preclinical imaging. The camera produces images of size 4 cm x 4 cm with an image-matrix of 16 x 16 pixels and can be equipped with a low-energy high-sensitivity (LEHS) or a high-resolution (LEHR) parallel-hole collimator. Pre-clinical imaging involves scales smaller than what the camera is typically used for, a
New digital technologies and systems are being extensively applied in urban contexts. These technologies and systems include algorithms, robotics, drones, Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and autonomous systems that can collectively be labelled as Artificial Intelligence (AI). Critical debates have recognized that these various forms of AI do not merely layer onto existing urban infrastructures, forms of
Phase field crystal (PFC) modeling has proved to be a versatile numerical tool in the analysis of crystalline microstructures. Most often, however, the focus is put on bulk crystal behavior, while crystal defects such as grain boundaries (GBs) are less explored. This is, in particular, the case for crystal structures beyond fcc and bcc. In this work, the possibilities and challenges in adopting PF
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of compartmental anisotropy on filtered exchange imaging (FEXI) in white matter (WM).THEORY AND METHODS: FEXI signals were measured using multiple combinations of diffusion filter and detection directions in five healthy volunteers. Additional filters, including a trace-weighted diffusion filter with trapezoidal gradients, a spherical b-tensor encoded diffusion
The ninetieth birthday of the last surviving founding father of post-WWII classical music is certainly reason enough for celebration, but what could the Lucerne Festival offer that has not already been covered by the many festivities that have taken place around the world? Fortunately, the festival has a trump card up its sleeve: the Lucerne Festival Academy, founded 11 years ago by Pierre Boulez
An atmosphere of sadness, anger and uncertainty dominated this year's Donaueschinger Musiktage. The passing in November 2014 of Armin Köhler, the artistic driving force behind the festival for the last 23 years, has left a hole that will be hard to fill. Meanwhile, due to state budget cuts Donaueschingen's orchestra-in-residence, the SWR Sinfonieorchester Freiburg und Baden-Baden, paid what will a
Creating a work today that claims to be encyclopedic is a daunting task. In the age of instant access to online resources and the pervasive reach of Wikipedia, what purpose can an old-fashioned encyclopedia seek to fulfil? In the case of The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Brass Instruments (part of an ongoing series of musical encyclopedias from CUP), the answer is evident after any casual conversation
