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4-1BB (CD137) is an activation-induced costimulatory receptor that regulates immune responses of activated CD8 T and natural killer cells, by enhancing proliferation, survival, cytolytic activity, and IFNγ production. The ability to induce potent antitumor activity by stimulating 4-1BB on tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells makes 4-1BB an attractive target for designing novel immuno-oncology therapeu
Introduction: The lungs are the second most common site for metachronous metastases in colorectal cancer. No treatment algorithm is established, and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. This study aimed to map pulmonary recurrences in a modern multimodal treated population, and to evaluate survival depending on management. Methods: Retrospective study based on the COLOFOL-trial population
In the numerical integration of nonlinear autonomous initial value problems, the computational process depends on the step size scaled vector field hf as a distinct entity. This paper considers a parameterized transformation hf↦hf∘(I-γhf)-1,and its role in the finite step size stability of singly diagonally implicit Runge—Kutta (SDIRK) methods. For a suitably chosen γ> 0 , the transformed map is L
Among the current indoor positioning technologies, Bluetooth low energy (BLE) has gained increasing attention. In particular, the traditional distance estimation derived from aggregate RSS and signal-attenuation models is generally unstable because of the complicated interference in indoor environments. To improve the adaptability and robustness of the BLE positioning system, we propose making ful
Background: The 2019 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) have recently proposed sarcopenia definitions. However, comparisons of the performance of these approaches in terms of thresholds employed, concordance in individuals and prediction of important health-related outcomes such as death are limited. We addre
Den här uppsatsen handlar om stokastiska optimerings metoder. Inom områdena Artificiell intelligens och Maskininlärning är det vanligt att man vill skatta parametrar i en statistisk modell för att kunna göra prediktioner. Man använder sig då av en kostnadsfunktion som bestraffar prediktioner som ligger långt ifrån det riktiga värdet och minimerar denna med avseende på de statistiska parametrarna. This thesis is concerned with stochastic optimization methods. The pioneering work in the field is the article “A stochastic approximation algorithm” by Robbins and Monro [1], in which they proposed the stochastic gradient descent; a stochastic version of the classical gradient descent algorithm. Since then, many improvements and extensions of the theory have been published, as well as new version
Background: Hospital-acquired hyponatremia remains a feared event in patients receiving hypotonic fluid therapy. Our objectives were to assess post-operative plasma-sodium concentration and to provide a physiological explanation for plasma-sodium levels over time in children with acute appendicitis. Methods: Thirteen normonatremic (plasma-sodium ≥135 mmol/L) children (8 males), median age 12.3 (IQ
Researchers are increasingly recognizing that social movements are crucial for realizing deliberative democratic values. However, this raises two important questions: (1) what actions should count as deliberation and (2) whether we should demand more from activists than merely provoking or encouraging deliberation in a society. Building on current research on activists’ actual engagement with deli
We report on a study of the α-decay fine structure and the associated Eα-Eγ correlations in the decays of Os171,172 and Ir171,172,174. In total, 13 new α-decay energy lines have been resolved, and three new γ-ray transitions have been observed following the new decay branches to Re168 and W167. The weak α-decay branch from the bandhead of the νi13/2 band in Os171 observed in this work highlights a
Purpose: To present age- and sex-specific cumulative annual incidences of primary traumatic lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) and to detail patient characteristics and concomitant chondral injuries including osteochondral fractures, as visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in a large consecutive cohort of knee-injured individuals. Methods: Data on primary traumatic lateral patellar disl
Drawing theoretic inspiration from the spatial turn within humanities, this article attempts to develop methods for studying placemaking in news media. This is done by a case study of the newspaper Þjóðviljinn, published in Ísafjörður, Iceland, in the late nineteenth century. The concept ‘banal placemaking’ is suggested for the kinds of spatial conceptions that occur in the paper without the expli
With this special issue and as part of the ELJ's endeavour to foster collaborative research projects on European integration, two of its board members, Jacob Öberg and Valsamis Mitsilegas, threw down a challenge to fellow expertsin European criminal law: to reflect on the normative foundations of European criminal law. This challenge first tookshape with an online symposium organised by Jacob with
Objective: Primary stenting of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) in intermittent claudication (IC) has been shown to increase health related quality of life (HRQoL) after 12 and 24 months. An extended follow up of HRQoL 36 and 60 months after randomisation is presented. Methods: A multicentre randomised controlled trial was conducted at seven vascular clinics in Sweden between 2010 and 2020. On
Acoustic separation of suspension cells can be achieved by altering the properties of the cell medium. Cells of different types can then migrate in opposing directions in the sound field due to differences in their relative density and compressibility with respect to the surrounding fluid. For near-zero acoustic contrast the acoustic radiation force on cells becomes negligible, and it is the prima
Placental dysfunction may increase the offspring’s later-life disease risk. The objective of this systematic review was to describe associations between pathological placental changes and neuropsychological outcomes in children after the neonatal period. The inclusion criteria were human studies; original research; direct placental variables; neuropsychological outcomes; and analysis between their
BACKGROUND: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is caused by low levels of or defects in C1 inhibitor. Although disease activity may be modified by prophylaxis, emergency treatment, treatment for comorbidities, and oral contraceptives, the extent of their use is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate trends in the use of disease-specific and interfering drugs in patients with HAE compared with the general pop
Background and purpose Hip fractures should be treated based on the best available evidence and cost-effectively to optimize the outcome for this large group of frail patients. This study examined nationwide variation in surgical methods used for hip fractures. Methods In this cohort study 46,243 patients ≥65 years with a trochanteric hip fracture (THF) or a femoral neck fracture (FNF) registered
Oat (Avena sativa) is susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB). The quality of oat grain is threatened by the accumulation of mycotoxins, particularly the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON), which also acts as a virulence factor for the main pathogen Fusarium graminearum. The plant can defend itself, e.g., by DON detoxification by UGT-glycosyltransferases (UTGs) and accumulation of PR-proteins, e
