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Neural network approaches have been demonstrated to work quite well to solve partial differential equations in practice. In this context approaches like physics-informed neural networks and the Deep Ritz method have become popular. In this paper, we propose a similar approach to solve an infinite-dimensional total variation minimization problem using neural networks. We illustrate that the resulti

The decline in areal BMD (aBMD) in men may start as early as age 19, but it is debated whether proximal femoral strength follows the same pattern. We measured FN aBMD in a cross-sectional cohort of 1101 men aged 18-28 yr with two-dimensional DXA. Body height, weight, jump height, grip strength, and maximum knee extension torque muscle strength were measured with standard tests, after which BMI was

We present a simple and scalable implementation of next-generation reservoir computing (NGRC) for modeling dynamical systems from time-series data. The method uses a pseudorandom nonlinear projection of time-delay embedded inputs, allowing the feature-space dimension to be chosen independently of the observation size and offering a flexible alternative to polynomial-based NGRC projections. We demo

A classical and central problem in the theory of water waves is to classify parameter regimes for which non-trivial solitary waves exist. In the two-dimensional, irrotational, pure gravity case, the Froude number Fr (a non-dimensional wave speed) plays the central role. So far, the best analytical result Fr < √2 was obtained by Starr (1947 J. Mar. Res., vol. 6, pp. 175–193), while the numerical ev

Germany remains the only large country in the world without a general speed limit on highways. One of the main arguments for this policy is that lower speeds represent a travel time cost that is not outweighed by benefits, such as a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. As transport decision making in the European Union is based on cost-benefit analysis (CBA), this paper compares the value of tra

Active school travel has been associated with a wide range of psychological and physiological benefits. However, many parents (particularly those of primary school children) are concerned about their children’s safety due to traffic and urban infrastructure. In this research, we collected information about the geographical school routes, the transportation mode, and the accompaniment status of chi

INTRODUCTION: Women are increasingly entering the dementia research workforce, but they frequently fail to attain senior leadership positions in academia. Discrepancies in academic research outputs were investigated to guide equity-focused policy recommendations.METHODS: Bibliometrics was conducted on 400,482 original research articles (2003-2022) followed by surveying the AD/ADRD research communi

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with high mortality and long-term disability. Inflammation is central to TBI pathophysiology, yet early dynamics of inflammatory mediators in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remain incompletely understood, and commonly used assay platforms have rarely been directly compared. We aimed to characterize the inflammatory response in blood and CSF du

Objective To examine associations of common mental disorders (CMDs) with lifestyle habits and cardiovascular risk factors among participants in targeted health dialogues in Sweden. Methods A cross-sectional study included 8903 40- and 50-year-olds between September 20, 2021, and January 10, 2024. CMDs included depressive, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Associations between CMDs and lifesty

A B S T R A C T: In Sweden, the number of single women increased during the 19th century. Legal changes partly aimed at giving women more ways to earn a living were enacted, which gradually opened up the artisan trades to female entrants. By using establishment censuses, this paper examines how the number of women engaged in the artisan trades changed in four towns in southern Sweden during the se

Event classifiers are the most fundamental observables to probe the event topology of hadronic and nuclear collisions at relativistic energies. Over the last five decades, significant progress has been made to establish suitable event classifiers to probe different physics processes occurring in elementary (Formula presented) to heavy-ion collisions in a broad range of center of mass energies. One

Background: – Adverse muscle composition (AMC), defined by low muscle volume and increased muscle fat infiltration, has been associated with comorbidity and poor function in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and increased mortality in metabolic disorders and the general population. We investigated whether MRI-derived muscle composition is associated with all-cause mortality in a UK Biobank (UKB) imagi

Background: Homologous recombination (HR) deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in ovarian, prostate, and specific subgroups of breast cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Tumor HRD status can be inferred through DNA-based, RNA-based, functional, or image-based approaches. A comprehensive evaluation of the concordance and discordance among HRD prediction methods derived from these di

Background and Objectives – Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) deficiency is a potentially treatable neurodegenerative genetic disorder. It represents a common cause of mitochondrial disease. Most published reports are limited to single cases, and population-based data are lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, incidence, and life expectancy and to explore genot

Background: Guidelines discourage prediction of neurological outcome in comatose patients within the first 72 h after cardiac arrest. Increasing evidence suggests that patients with the most severe brain injury and those with no or minimal brain injury may be identified before 72 h using novel methods. We present a protocol for the EARLY-NEURO study, which aims to evaluate whether good and poor ou

In ultra high-energy collisions, nuclei with very low binding energies are not expected to survive the dense and hot final state environment. The traditional view has therefore been that nuclei form via coalescence after the hot environment has dissipated. However, statistical thermal models, where hadrons are produced from a fireball at thermal equilibrium, can describe the relative abundances of

This report describes and addresses patterns of discrimination in Sweden’s care sector, primarily related to gender and migrant status. It examines national legislation, collective agreements, case law, and equality bodies’ activities concerning equal treatment, pay transparency, parental leave, and occupational safety. It highlights the highly feminised nature of the care workforce, persistent ge

We present a general technique for efficient computation of second order information for optimization functionals involving many variables of different nature, frequently appearing in modern applications. This technique relies on the bilinear Hessian, and while the main tools for this task have been published elsewhere, we here focus on the problem of how to organize the computations in the multi-