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Crowding has a major impact on the dynamics of many material and biological systems, inducing effects as diverse as glassy dynamics and swarming. While this issue has been deeply investigated for a variety of living organisms, more research remains to be done on the effect of crowding on the behaviour of copepods, the most abundant metazoans on Earth. To this aim, we experimentally investigate the
BackgroundPrevention of child obesity is an international public health priority and believed to be effective when started in early childhood. Caregivers often ask for an early and structured response from health professionals when their child is identified with overweight, yet cost-effective interventions for children aged 2–6 years and their caregivers in Child Health Services are lacking.Object
BACKGROUND: The general population is ubiquitously exposed to the toxic metal cadmium through the diet and smoking. Cadmium exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction. However, associations between cadmium and coronary artery atherosclerosis have not been examined. OBJE
The maturation process that occurs in most viruses is evolutionarily driven as it resolves several conflicting virion assembly requirements. During herpesvirus assembly in a host cell nucleus, micron-long double-stranded herpes DNA is packaged into a nanometer-sized procapsid. This leads to strong confinement of the viral genome with resulting tens of atmospheres of intra-capsid DNA pressure. Yet,
The mechanisms driving clonal heterogeneity and evolution in relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are not fully understood. We performed whole genome sequencing of samples collected at diagnosis, relapse(s) and remission from 29 Nordic patients. Somatic point mutations and large-scale structural variants were called using individually matched remission samples as controls, and all
Participant representativeness and statistical power are crucial elements of robust research with human participants, both of which relate to the successful recruitment of research participants. Nevertheless, such core features may often not be fully reported or duly considered in psychiatric research. Building on our experiences of collecting data in the context of forensic mental health services
Omräkning av barns (≥2 år) kreatininvärden till motsvarande värden vid 18 års ålder och applicerade i Lund–Malmö-formeln för vuxna ledde till avsevärt förbättrad skattning av GFR bland barn vid uppmätt GFR <75, bibehållen noggrannhet ≥75 ml/min/1,73m2 och likvärdig med pediatriska formler.Lund–Malmö-formeln kan användas under hela livet ≥2 år utan plötsliga artificiella förändringar i skattad GFR Age-adjustment of creatinine, i.e. recalculation of childhood levels of creatinine to corresponding levels at 18 years of age and applied in the adult revised Lund-Malmö GFR equation led to markedly improved accuracy in Swedish children (n=1 718) at measured GFR <75 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n=318) and preserved high accuracy at ≥75 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n=1 400). The adjusted LMR equation performed as well as de
Aim: According to the Cognitive Model of Insomnia, engaging in sleep-related cognitive processes may lead to sleep problems over time. The aim was to examine associations between five sleep-related cognitive processes and the incidence of insomnia, and to investigate if baseline anxiety and depression influence the associations. Methods: Two thousand three hundred and thirty-three participants com
In the present work, the impact of phosphorus impurities on the grain boundary strength of nickel has been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) modelling. Owing to different outcomes and trends previously reported in the literature, it is unclear whether P is strengthening or weakening the Ni grain boundary. To address this issue, we utilize three different DFT based methods: t
China’s unprecedented measures to mobilize its diverse surveillance apparatus played a key part in the country’s successful containment of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Critics worldwide believe these invasive technologies, in the hands of an authoritarian regime, could trample the right to privacy and curb fundamental civil and human rights. However, there is little domestic public resistance
There have been recently multiple calls to investigate the rhythmic behaviors (RBs) of nonhuman animals, as a way to gain insight into the evolution of human rhythm cognition and musicality. Currently, the empirical data from non-human species is scarce. Most strikingly, we lack data from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), our closest genetic relatives. Here, we present an observational study conducte
Bus priority measures are introduced in cities in order to improve travel time, frequency, and reliability, thereby benefiting the passengers and establishing a more attractive and competitive public transport system. Since first being implemented in Chicago in the late 1930s, bus priority measures are now widely applied across the globe, and a plethora of measures regarding priority in terms of t
We propose that an interdisciplinary approach is necessary to better understand the normative gender aspects of automating perinatal depression-care in socially assistive robots and how to take them into account at design stage. Consequently, the aim is twofold: firstly, to understand the existing normative gender aspects within perinatal depression, and secondly, to enable the socially assistive
Purpose: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hearing loss (HL) affects up to 15% of the world’s adult population. Coping and personality are hypothesized to underlie quality of life (QoL) and distress scores. We aimed to study the importance of personality and coping in persons with HL for self-reported hearing disability, QoL, and distress. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carr
BACKGROUND: Opioids are still widely prescribed to long-term pain patients although they are no longer recommended for long-term treatments due to poor evidence for long-term efficacy, risks of serious side effects, and the possibility of inducing opioid hyperalgesia. In a Cochrane study from 2017, the authors identified an urgent need for more randomized controlled trials investigating the effici
Previous studies have shown an association between IQ and adaptive global functioning, i.e. how well a person is functioning in different domains of life. However, it is unclear to what extent such an association applies in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The study group consisted of 550 population-screened children assessed with the K-SADS, WISC-IV, and the C-GAS. Approximately
