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Enzymatic hydrolysis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has been studied with purified endoglucanases Hi Cel5A (EG II), Hi Cel7B (EG I), and Hi Cel45A (EG V) from Humicola insolens, and Tr Cel7B (EG I), Tr Cel12A (EG III), and Tr Cel45Acore (EG V) from Trichoderma reesei. The CMC, with a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.7, was hydrolyzed with a single enzyme until no further hydrolysis was observed.
To assess the level of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Bosnian war refugees, a consecutive cohort of 206 Bosnian refugees, arriving in Sweden in 1993, was screened for PTSD using a modified version of the self-report instrument PTSS-10. A comparison group of 387 visitors to seven Swedish health centers was recruited. Prevalence of possible PTSD, using two estimates, was 18 to 3
A new species of Delia Robineau-Desvoidy is described from Europe ( Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Czech Republic) by the name of D. coarctoides. It is very similar to and has been confused with the wheat bulb fly, D. coarctata (Fallen), a well known anthomyiid pest species of cereals and grasses in Europe. A brief overview of the D. coarctata species group and a key to males and females are given.
An experimental investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow in a rectangular duct roughened by broken V-shaped ribs pointing upstream was carried out. The rectangular duct had art aspect ratio of 1/8, and the Reynolds number range was from 1000 to 6000. Liquid Crystal Thermography (LCT) was used to obtain the detailed heat transfer distributions on the ribbed wall. The main observed characterist
Lipid freezing in dilute sonicated vesicular dispersions was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and H-1 NMR. For charged, anionic, or cationic lipids, approximately half of the lipids remain in a fluid state when cooled 20 degrees C below the main chain melting temperature. With a zwitterionic phospholipid, on the other hand, essentially no supercooling of the liquid state was o
In this study a homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction based on the Ph-dependent phase-separation process was investigated using a ternary solvent system (water-acetic acid-chloroform) for the preconcentration of Cu2+ ions. 8-Hydroxy quinoline was used as the chelating agent prior to its extraction. Flame atomic absorption spectro photometry using acetylene-air flame was used for the quantitation of
uperfluidity and superconductivity are genuine many-body manifestations of quantum coherence. For finite-size systems the associated pairing gap fluctuates as a function of size or shape. We provide a theoretical description of the zero temperature pairing fluctuations in the weak-coupling BCS limit of mesoscopic systems characterized by order or chaos dynamics. The theory accurately describes exp
In adult mice, the VpreB genes are expressed in bone marrow progenitor (pro-) and precursor (pre-) B cells. As part of the pre-B cell receptor, the proteins are crucial for the proliferation of these cells and consequently normal B lymphocyte development. Using cell lines, we identified a lineage- and developmental-stage-specific VpreB1 enhancer. Here, we analyze its specificity in vivo by generat
Measurements of the gas transfer rate of CO2 between lake water and the atmosphere present a critical problem for the understanding of lake ecosystem carbon balances and landscape carbon budgets. We present calculations of the gas transfer rate of CO2 from direct measurements of the CO2 flux using an eddy covariance system and concurrent measurements of the concentration of CO2 in the surface wate
The present study examined the capability of a real-time assessment routine to sort out the individual impact of three production systems on psychological activation as measured by the Stress/Energy Inventory, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Borg's CR-10 Perceived Exertion scale, and the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory. Sixteen women between the ages of 26 and S7 years (mean 43 years) rotated
In this paper a fully automated segmentation system for the femur in the knee in Magnetic Resonance Images and the brain in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography images is presented. To do this several data sets were first segmented manually. The resulting structures were represented by unorganised point clouds. With level set methods surfaces were fitted to these point clouds. The iterated c
The frequency of abdominal injury is rising. In an analysis of 1,354 cases of closed abdominal trauma sustained during a 30-year period (1950-1979) in Skaraborg County, Sweden, a distinct increase was found in the numbers associated with sporting activities. The severity of the injuries caused by sports likewise showed an increase. The representation of injured organs was of the same order as in t
This statement examines the relation of the resting ECG to its technology. Its purpose is to foster understanding of how the modern ECG is derived and displayed and to establish standards that will improve the accuracy and usefulness of the ECG in practice. Derivation of representative waveforms and measurements based on global intervals are described. Special emphasis is placed on digital signal
(.) In this study we investigated the effects of temperature on fungal growth and tested whether the differences in fungal growth were related to the effects of temperature on carbon movement to, or within, the fungus. (.) Growth curves and C uptake-transfer-translocation measurements were obtained for three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) isolates cultured within a 6-30 degrees C temperature r
Trophoblast invasion is regulated by proteinases and their inhibitors. Cystatin C inhibits cysteine proteinases. The serum concentration of cystatin C is increased in late pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. We aimed to investigate whether the expression of cystatin C is increased in the pre-eclamptic placenta and to investigate the expression pattern of cystatin C mRNA and protein in placental tissue. T
Aims: Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)-peptide is found in the brain and participates in the control of feeding behavior. It is also expressed in the peripheral nervous system and is suggested to have neuromodulatory and/or neurotrophic effects in rat intestine. The aims of this study were to investigate the presence of CART-peptide in the normal ganglionic as well as aganglion
