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Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, an increasingly common disorder. The cause of insulin resistance is supposedly failures in the processes used by insulin to signal to the interior of its target cells. These failing steps are still unknown, most probably because of incomplete knowledge of how the insulin signals are transmitted. Since insulin resistance is strongly linked to obe
Let {Xt} be a Lévy process which is reflected at 0 and K>0. The reflected process {VtK} is constructed as VtK = V0K + Xt + Lt0 - LtK where{Lt0} and {LtK} are the local times at 0 and K, respectively. We consider the loss rate lK, defined by lK=E KL1K where E K is the expectation under the stationary measure K. The main result of the paper is the identification of lK in terms of K and the character
The authors sought to non-invasively defect changes in atrial fibrillation rhythm during autonomic provocative maneuvers. Digital Holter from 23 patients with chronic AF before and after active postural change were subjected to routine editing, and then underwent QRS and T wave subtraction, leaving pure atrial fibrillatory records. Spectral analysis by autoregressive method was performed on this r
We have proposed an echo localization estimator which theoretically gives infinite resolution in the axial direction in ultrasonic B-mode images during 1) echo structure tracking and 2) distance measurements of distinct echoes. The performance of the estimator was evaluated using a HDI5000 (Philips Medical Systems, Bothell, WA, USA) with a 35 mm 5-12 MHz linear array transducer. The resulting pixe
A suturing including knot tying is one of the more difficult operations to learn in telesurgical systems. Apprentice surgeons commonly suffer from suture breakage or knot failure. The difficulty, generally, comes from the absence of feedback of interaction force cues in a medical device (e.g., a needle and a thread) . Even if there is haptic feedback to the operator, the operator may have a diffic
The trend within fluid industry is towards continuous production, leading to an increasing demand for new and improved methods that allow real-time monitoring of quality parameters and fast process control. The consistency and viscosity can be described by fluid rheology and are frequently used as quality control parameters. Rheological properties can be correlated with product microstructure, the
Nonlinear and Hybrid Systems in Automotive Control will enable researchers, control engineers and automotive engineers to understand the engine and whole-vehicle models necessary for control. A new generation of control strategies has become necessary because of the increasingly rigorous requirements of vehicle and engine control systems for accuracy, ride comfort, safety, complexity, functionalit
Classic material & cases on European Competition Law and Practice. From the first cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union and through the most recent cases decided in 2011. The later the cases, the more difficult it becomes to decide if they fit under the name classics. The case law is organized to cover major issues in a basic presentation on Competition Law. Both for stud
