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Background Increased postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) independently predicts short-term mortality. Previous studies suggest that preoperative cTn also predicts major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality after noncardiac surgery. The value of preoperative and perioperative changes in cTn as a prognostic tool for adverse outcomes has been sparsely investigated. Methods and findings

Natural autoantibodies (NAAbs) are immunoglobulins generated in the absence of antigen provocation, with no inherent pathogenic effect, but instead involved in maintaining immune homeostasis. We aimed to evaluate the implication of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, focusing on how those NAAbs may interfere with

Controlling the surface morphology and chemical interaction is necessary for the development of advanced quantummaterials, particularly in low-dimensional systems. As the research increasingly focuses on miniature and nanoscaletechnologies, a fundamental understanding of localized or interface states becomes essential for successful integrationinto functional devices. This thesis investigates atom

This chapter discusses the question of whether increasing the level of standardization in a disaster risk management system will increase its effectiveness. Based on the results from several studies conducted in the context of the Swedish disaster risk management system, the authors argue that there are both positive and negative effects of increased standardization. More precisely, studies based

Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ sensing protein that binds to and modulates numerous target proteins and enzymes during cellular signaling processes. A large number of CaM-target complexes have been identified and structurally characterized, revealing a wide diversity of CaM-binding modes. A newly identified target is creatine kinase (CK), a central enzyme in cellular energy homeostasis. Thi

The association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) is well established but the potential causal association needs further studying. In an attempt to elucidate the causal effect of T2D on IHD, we used three different analytical approaches in two different datasets. A well-defined cohort of 6047 women aged 50–59 years were included at baseline (1995 to 2000) and followed

Objectives To examine the associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and the incidence of serious hand infections—pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis (PFT) and septic arthritis (SA)—as well as risks of opioid overuse following diagnosis using nation-level data. Design In a registry-based nationwide retrospective cohort study, (1) associations between SEP and incidence of PFT/SA; (2) SEP and infec

The study aimed to investigate the unique lipid composition of Mycobacterium bovis BCG and its potential to enhance antimicrobial efficacy of lipid-coated mesoporous silica particles (MSPs). The bacterial lipids (BL) were extracted with petroleum ether and analyzed via LC-MS, revealing a complex mixture of phospholipids, including cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and tri

Additives such as binders and hydrophobic agents are commonly introduced into the fibrous Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) of proton exchange membrane fuel cells to enhance mechanical strength and facilitate water management. However, the effect of additive/fiber content and surface wettability on water removal, oxygen diffusion, and heat conduction remains insufficiently understood. In this work, we dev

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is characterized by non-bloody, watery diarrhea predominantly in elderly women. Known risk factors are smoking, medication with NSAIDs, PPIs or SSRIs, while data on hormonal factors is sparse. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hormonal factors that disrupt the sex hormonal balance could have an impact on the disease course in MC. Methods:

Background: Evidence is limited on whether alterations in diabetes-related health parameters are detectable before clinical diagnosis in novel diabetes subtypes. We investigated trajectories of diabetes-related health parameters in individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Using data from the Stockholm Diabetes Prevention Programme cohort (SDPP) participants (n = 215) wit

Brake particle emissions present significant risks to human health, particularly when they contain metallic fine particles, which can induce oxidative stress, disrupt cellular structures, and cause genetic damage. In this study, an alumina coating was deposited on cast iron discs and a non-asbestos organic (NAO) pad and a low-metallic (LM) pad (as reference) were used as counterparts of the brake

Early life air pollution exposure may play a role in development of respiratory infections, but underlying mechanisms are still not understood. We utilized data from two independent prospective birth cohorts to investigate the influence of prenatal and postnatal ambient air pollution exposure of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 on maternal and child proteomic profiles and the risk of daily diary-registered com

BackgroundWorkplace sexual harassment remains a persistent issue in Sweden. Research about organisational antecedents has been criticised for being limited in scope, possibly overlooking contextual factors relevant for the occurrence of sexual harassment. This study examined two factors capturing aspects of organisational climate, perceived relational justice and authoritarian treatment, and their

Background: Autoantibodies against β-cell components in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are characteristic of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The genetic and autoimmune determinants of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Ethiopians are not yet thoroughly characterized, with studies indicating a lower occurrence of autoantibodies related to T1D compared to Caucasians. The study aimed to determine the occurrence of

REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), is a prodromal synucleinopathy affecting a subset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. This study compared the genetic profiles of 13,020 PD patients with probable RBD (PD + RBD) and 5403 without (PD-RBD) using genome-wide association study (GWAS). RBD was assessed by questionnaires or self-reporting. Potential genet