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This paper offers a two-zone, physical, NOx model with low computational cost, implemented in C on an embedded system. The model is able to compute NOx-emission formation with high time resolution during an engine cycle. To do this the model takes cylinder pressure and injected fuel amount as inputs and produces NO concentration as output. The model as such is not new, nevertheless the physical ba
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recall of breathlessness is important for clinical care but might differ from the experienced (momentary) symptoms. This study aimed to characterize the relationship between momentary breathlessness ratings and the recall of the experience. It is hypothesized that recall is influenced by the peak (worst) and end (most recent) ratings of momentary breathlessness (peak-end
Objectives: Reproductive history of women is of importance to estimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. One aspect of that history is the reproductive life span (RLS), the period between onset of menarche and menopause. Previous studies have indicated an increased risk associated with shorter RLS, but this has never previously been tested in Scandinavian women. Our aim was to investigate such as
The impact of interface defect states on the recombination and transport properties of charges in asymmetric modulation-doped InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells(QWs) is investigated. Three sets of high-mobility InGaAs QW structures are systematically designed and grown by the metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy technique to probe the effect of carrier localization on the electro-optical processes. In these s
Background This study aims to describe associations of obesity and CKD in a Swedish urban population. The impact of fat mass, from bioimpedance analysis, on eGFR based on cystatin C and/or creatinine is studied. Methods 5049 participants from Malmö Diet and Cancer Study the cardiovascular arm (MDCS-CV) with available body mass composition (single frequency bioimpedance analysis) and cystatin C mea
Herein, metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of GaN layers doped with Mg atoms to the recognized optimum level of [Mg] ≈2 × 1019 cm−3 is performed. In a sequence of MOCVD runs, operational conditions, including temperature and flow rate of precursors, are maintained except for intentionally larger flows of hydrogen carrier gas fed into the reactor. By employing the largest hydrogen flow
Background: Gallstones affect women more frequently than men, and symptomatic gallstones are increasingly treated with surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy). Breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer share several risk factors with gallstones, including overweight, obesity, and exposure to female sex hormones. We intended to assess the association between chole-cystectomy and female
Fe-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes attract increasing attention as photosensitisers and photoredox catalysts. Such applications generally rely on sufficiently long excited state lifetimes and efficient bimolecular quenching, which leads to there being few examples of successful usage of Fe-NHC complexes to date. Here, we have employed [Fe(iii)(btz)3]3+ (btz = (3,3′-dimethyl-1,1′-bis(p-tolyl
The high-pressure phase Na8BxSi46-x(3 < x < 5) is the first representative of a borosilicide crystallizing in the rarely occurring clathrate VIII type structure. Crystals with composition Na8B4Si42(space group I43¯ m; a = 9.7187(2) Å Pearson symbol cI54) were obtained at 5-8 GPa and 1200 K. The clathrate I modification exists for the same composition at lower pressure with a larger cell volume (Pm
Heat exchanger network synthesis (HENS) is an effective tool for heat recovery in chemical and petrochemical industries. This study aims to show a method for HENS with the consideration of different shell-side flow arrangements in shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The proposed MINLP model is modified from the stage-wise superstructure model, incorporating newly developed correlations for shell-side
STUDY QUESTION: Is the chance of childbirth, and risk of infertility, pregnancy loss and need for assisted reproduction different for women with asthma compared to women without asthma?SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with asthma had comparable chances of giving birth compared to the reference population, however, their risk of both infertility and pregnancy loss, as well their need for medically assisted re
Hybrid structures of semiconducting (SM) nanowires, epitaxially grown superconductors (SC), and ferromagnetic-insulator (FI) layers have been explored experimentally and theoretically as alternative platforms for topological superconductivity at zero magnetic field. Here, we analyze a tripartite SM/FI/SC heterostructure but realized in a planar stacking geometry, where the thin FI layer acts as a
Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels often lead to unnecessary and possibly harmful transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy, e.g. when the biopsy is negative or contains only low-grade insignificant cancer, unlikely to become symptomatic in the man’s normal lifespan. A model based on four-kallikrein markers in blood (commercialized as 4Kscore) predicts risk of Grade group 2 or higher prost
The development of mesencephalic dopamine neurons and their survival later in life requires the continuous presence of the transcription factor Nurr1 (NR4A2). Nurr1 belongs to the nuclear receptors superfamily. However, it is an orphan member that does not require a ligand to regulate the transcription of its target genes. Therefore, controlling the expression of Nurr1 is an important manner to co
OBJECTIVES: To investigate if the risk of prostate cancer (PC) differs based on the order of primary PC diagnosed in first-degree relatives (FDRs) given possibly different risk factors for PC as first primary cancer (PCa-1) and second primary cancer (PCa-2).SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this Swedish nationwide cohort, PC diagnosis was followed for among 149,985 men with one FDR affected by PCa-1, 10,97
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares following hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) reduction or discontinuation versus HCQ maintenance. METHODS: We analysed prospective data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) cohort, enrolled from 33 sites within 15 months of SLE diagnosis and followed annually (1999-2019). We evaluated person-time contributed whi
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients are an attractive disease model to study tissues with poor accessibility such as the brain. Using this approach, we and others have shown that trisomy 21 results in genome-wide transcriptional dysregulations. The effects of loss of genes on chromosome 21 is much less characterized. Here, we use patient-derived neural cells from an individual wit
Introduction Artifi cial intelligence (AI) algorithms for interpreting mammograms have the potential to improve the effectiveness of population breast cancer screening programmes if they can detect cancers, including interval cancers, without contributing substantially to overdiagnosis. Studies suggesting that AI has comparable or greater accuracy than radiologists commonly employ € enriched' datas
