Filetype
BACKGROUND: Practically all data on familial risk in ovarian and other cancers are based on incident cancer, whereas familiality in cancer mortality is largely unknown. If fatal forms of cancer are a highly familial subtype, then familial risk for mortality may exceed that of incidence, which is relevant for clinical decision making and counseling. METHODS: Ovarian cancer patients in the nationwid
The observation in the 1940s, that children to mothers having rubella in the first part of the pregnancy experienced elevated health risks in later life led to a growing interest into whether fetal exposure to other – less severe – diseases could cause health problems as well. Epidemiological studies of the fetal origins of later life health that followed found that, while this indeed was the case
This chapter examines the role of economic factors in first marriage in seven locations in pre-industrial Europe and Asia using a two-generation theory, which also takes socioeconomic class into account. In these settings, the household provided a major welfare function for its members. Access to land was of considerable importance, but so was the prevalent family system – whether a married couple
Properties of nanostructures realized by bottom-up techniques are often different from their bulk counterparts.(1) Here we present a study of a nano-Schottky contact formed at the interface between a gold catalytic particle and an epitaxially grown GaxIn1-xAs/InAs nanowire. Selective electrical connections formed to the catalytic particle on one side and to the In As segment on the other side allo
Transitioning into retirement is an under-researched phenomenon in developing countries. Largely, this is linked to a predominance of contexts where –in particular –the rural population remains outside the coverage of any formal pension system. In 2008, China introduced the New Rural Social Pension (NRSP), a program which by now covers the majority of the Chinese rural elderly. This paper examines
Fighting infectious disease in the past, much like today, focused on isolating the disease and thereby stopping its spread. New insights into the modes of transmission and the causal agents in the mid-nineteenth century, together with fear of new epidemic outbreaks, motivated public investments aimed at reducing mortality from infectious disease. Combining longitudinal individual-level data on 17,
PURPOSE: To identify changes in gene expression in the airways among welders, with and without lower airway symptoms, working in black steel. METHODS: Included were 25 male, non-smoking welders. Each welder was sampled twice; before exposure (after vacation), and after 1 month of exposure. From the welders (14 symptomatic, of whom 7 had asthma-like symptoms), RNA from induced sputum was obtained f
Objective. To make an inventory of quality and content of currently available and published sets of health care quality indicators (HCQIs) for RA and OA.Methods. A systematic review was performed for documents on the development and/or a description of HCQIs for the management of patients with RA and/or OA, using the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane and CINAHL databases up to 1 December 20
Abstract Background and aims. The incidence of celiac disease (CD) shows large, worldwide variation. However, whether its causes are environmental (gluten-containing diet) or genetic (specific haplotype) have not been established. The aim of the present study is to examine the incidence of CD among second-generation immigrants and adoptees from abroad to disentangle genetic/ethnic versus environme
Objectives. During the past decade, the position of biologics in the therapeutic armamentarium, the number of approved indications and the number of available biologics have changed. Available data on (long-term) safety might thus pertain to patient populations not comparable with contemporary patients. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which contemporary patients who start or swit
Pregnancy and lactation require large amounts of calcium potentially depleting the young adult bone. This study investigated BMD and fluctuations of BMD resulting from parity and lactation in the PEAK-25 cohort, a prospective observational study of women all aged 25 at inclusion and 35 at follow-up. The analyses use women who were nulliparous at baseline and parous (n = 573) or nulliparous (n = 17
Epitaxial shell is vital for enhancing the optoelectronic performance of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), especially for the wide bandgap blue QDs, yet the shell crystal structure's impact on thermal stability and photophysical behavior remains unexplored. It is reported that the ligand-directed synthesis of ZnS shells with zinc blende (ZB) or wurtzite (WZ) structure on blue WZ CdZnS cores, where
Monoclinic β-Ga2O3 films grown on c-plane sapphire have been shown to exhibit six (201 ¯ )-oriented domains, which are equally spaced by rotation around the surface normal and equally sized by volume that render the film optical response effectively uniaxial. We derive and discuss an optical model suitable for ellipsometry data analysis of such films. We model mid- and far-infrared ellipsometry da
Hybrid perovskites are interesting optoelectronic materials. The perovskite ABX3 structure offers a vast compositional space, and we have identified over 300 perovskite ions. This flexibility enables tuneable properties and has significantly contributed to the success of perovskite optoelectronics. However, this diversity also leads to confusion, ambiguity, and inconsistencies causing challenges f
BACKGROUND Aspirin reduces the incidence of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer among high-risk persons. Observational studies suggest that aspirin may also improve disease-free survival after diagnosis, particularly among patients with tumors harboring somatic PIK3CA mutations. However, data from randomized trials are lacking. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controll
