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Aim: To investigate the ability of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development—Third Edition (Bayley-III), scores to predict later Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Fourth Edition (WISC-IV), performances in a cohort of children born extremely preterm. Methods: 323 children, born <27 gestational weeks, were tested with the Bayley-III at corrected age 2.5 years and with the WISC-IV at
In this work we present a setup for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) employing a polarization filtering approach and use it for gas diagnostics. A one parts-per-million (ppm) detection sensitivity is achieved for hydrogen atoms.
Background: A distorted blood lipid profile is an important risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD) but the predictive ability of the different lipid measures has rarely been studied. Our aim was to examine and compare, in a large sample of women, the predictive ability of total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-C) and non-HDL-C in relation to IHD, adjusted for age, exercise, smoking,
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias currently represent the fifth most common cause of death in the world, according to the World Health Organization, with a projected future increase as the proportion of the elderly in the population is growing. Air pollution has emerged as a plausible risk factor for AD, but studies estimating dementia cases attributable to exposure to fine
Mid-IR polarization spectroscopy (IRPS) and laser-induced fluorescence were applied for detection of CH4 and ethane in 1 atm cold flows and flames. The dependence of IRPS and IRLIF signal of CH4 on different buffer gases, including He, Ar, N2, and CO2 were studied. Simultaneous measurements of IRPS and IRLIF signals allowed a direct comparison of the two techniques. IRPS was superior in detection
Technical developments for the detection of formaldehyde using laser-induced fluorescence were presented. A technique for simultaneous detection of formaldehyde and OH using one laser system was presented. The combined formaldehyde and OH technique was applied in laboratory flames and a small spark-ignition engine. The iodine measurement was performed in a cell using the second harmonic of the sin
This paper presents technical developments for the detection of formaldehyde (CH2O) using laser-induced fluorescence. The easily accessible third harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm was used for excitation of formaldehyde. In order to investigate potential background fluorescence, e.g., from large molecules such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons, special attention was paid to investigating the possi
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widespread synthetic substances with various adverse health effects. A potential mechanism of toxicity for PFASs is via epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. Previous studies have evaluated associations between PFAS exposure and DNA methylation among newborns and adults. However, no study has evaluated how PFASs influence DNA methylation among children
Appropriate animal models, mimicking conditions of both health and disease, are needed to understand not only the biology and the physiology of neurons and other cells under normal conditions but also under stress conditions, like nerve injuries and neuropathy. In such conditions, understanding how genes and different factors are activated through the well-orchestrated programs in neurons and othe
Introduction Simulation-based studies indicate that crisis checklist use improves management of patients with critical conditions in the emergency department (ED). An interview-based study suggests that use of an emergency manual (EM) - a collection of crisis checklists - improves management of clinical perioperative crises. There is a need for in-depth prospective studies of EM use during clinica
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether maternal paracetamol use in early pregnancy is associated with cerebral palsy (CP) in offspring.STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a registry and biobank-based case-control study with mother-child pairs. We identified CP cases (n=322) born between 1995-2014 from a nationwide CP-registry. Randomly selected controls (n=343) and extra preterm controls (n=258) were obtained f
Background: Most studies infer increasing incidence of proximal humeral fractures (PHF) from the 1950´s until the 1990´s. Recent time trends are less clear. Objectives: Our primary objective was to identify time trends in the age- and sex-adjusted adult incidence of PHF in Malmö, Sweden, from year 1944 until 2020. Our secondary objectives were to describe the variation in incidence according to ag
IntroductionPrevious studies show that approximately 40% of hospital readmissions in older adults are medication-related and that about 70% of these could be prevented. A risk assessment tool aiming to identify older adults at increased risk of medication-related readmission could help maximize the impact of implemented preventive measures and save healthcare resources. In this study we made furth
BACKGROUND: This study investigates the excess costs of dementia from healthcare, social care services, and prescription drugs 3 years before to 6 years after diagnosis. Further, sociodemographic cost differences are explored.METHODS: Using Swedish register data from 2013 to 2016 to compare individuals diagnosed with dementia (n = 15,339) with population controls, the excess formal care costs for
Background: Detailed preoperative information is associated with superior outcomes. We aimed to describe the recovery pattern after decompression of central lumbar spinal stenosis (CLSS). Methods: 50 patients aged 51–85 years who underwent decompression without fusion due to CLSS were followed from before to after surgery (post-op day 1, 7, and 14). Back and leg pain were evaluated using the Numer
Converting incoming photons to electrical current is the key operation principle of optical photodetectors and it enables a host of emerging quantum information technologies. The leading approach for continuous and efficient detection in the optical domain builds on semiconductor photodiodes. However, there is a paucity of efficient and continuous photon detectors in the microwave regime, because
Purpose: We aimed to study the influence of fast-track care programs in total hip and total knee replacements (THR and TKR) at Swedish hospitals on the risk of revision and mortality within 2 years after the operation. Methods: Data were collected from the Swedish Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Registers (SHAR and SKAR), including 67,913 THR and 59,268 TKR operations from 2011 to 2015 on patients with
Aim: Very preterm birth may be associated with lung function impairment later in life. It is not known if this is caused by prematurity per se or by associated perinatal events, such as maternal–foetal inflammation and severity of early neonatal lung disease. We assessed these factors in a prospective cohort of very preterm infants followed from birth to middle school age. Methods: In 71 infants w
