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Background: Exercise facilities may have the potential to promote physical activity among residents, and to support an active lifestyle throughout the year. We investigated the association between objectively assessed availability of exercise facilities and objectively assessed physical activity outcomes, and whether time of year had a modifying effect on these associations. Methods: A total of 2,

We show that coherent electron transport through zero-dimensional systems can be used to tailor the shape of the system's transmission function. This quantum-engineering approach can be used to enhance the performance of quantum dots or molecules in thermal-to-electric power conversion. Specifically, we show that electron interference in a two-level system can substantially improve the maximum the

We have grown InP nanowires doped with hydrogen sulfide, which exhibit sulfur concentrations of up to 1.4%. The highest doped nanowires show a pure wurtzite crystal structure, in contrast to bulk InP which has the zinc blende structure. The nanowires display photoluminescence which is strongly blue shifted compared with the band gap, well into the visible range. We find evidence of a second conduc

Protein S deficiency is a dominantly inherited disorder that results from mutations in the PROS] gene. Previous sequencing of the gene failed to detect mutations in eight out of 18 investigated Swedish families, whereas segregation analyses detected large deletions in three out of the eight families. The present study investigates more thoroughly for the presence of deletions but also for other ty

The aims of this study are to examine possible associations between left cardiac ventricular measures in sixth decade and cognitive performance, both cross sectionally and longitudinally, and to examine if left cardiac ventricular measures could predict future changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF).

In high-risk pregnancies, the transport of oxygen and nutrients from maternal to fetal blood via the placenta is often impaired. To assess the risk, pulsed Doppler ultrasound (US) is used to evaluate the flow velocity waveform in the umbilical artery with the pulsatility index (PI), which is derived from the velocity envelope of the Doppler power spectrum. However, simply listening to the Doppler

AIMS: To analyse whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was associated with increases in healthcare utilisation after delivery. METHODS: A longitudinal case-control registry-based study of 579 women with GDM delivered in 1995-2001. Two controls for each case were selected from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, matched for year of birth, year of delivery, and municipality of r

1/f noise is studied in dual-gated InAs nanowire transistors consisting of an omega top gate with high-k atomic layer deposited dielectric and silicon dioxide to substrate back gate. Noise spectra at varying gate bias combinations are compared from devices with differing top-gate lengths to separate the noise contributions of the top-gated channel from the ungated access portion, including the met

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, in the majority of cases caused by a rupture of an arterial intracranial aneurysm. The effect of systemic low-grade inflammation on incidence of SAH is not known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between leukocyte count, a marker of systemic inflammation, and incidence of SAH in a large cohort study.

In this work we investigate the variation of the crystal structure of gold-seeded III-V nanowires with growth parameters, in order to gain a cohesive understanding of these effects. We investigate six III-V materials: GaAs, InAs, GaP, InP, GaSb and InSb, over a variation of growth conditions. All six of these materials exhibit a cubic zinc blende structure in bulk, but twin planes and stacking fau

The authors present fabrication and electrical measurements of InSb nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) and quantum dots. The devices are made on a SiO2-capped Si substrate from InSb segments of InAs/InSb heterostructured nanowires, which are grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. For the FETs, both single- and dual-gate devices are fabricated. The Si substrate is employed as the back gat

Aim To predict mortality risk and life expectancy for patients with Type 2 diabetes after a major diabetes-related complication. Methods The study sample, taken from the Swedish National Diabetes Register, consisted of 20 836 people with Type 2 diabetes who had their first major complication (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, amputation or renal failure) between January 2001 and Decemb

Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. Fat mass is a determinant of bone strength and both phenotypes have a strong genetic component. In this study, we examined the association between obesity associated polymorphisms (SNPs) with body composition, BMD, Ultrasound (QUS), fracture and biomarkers (Homocysteine (Hcy), folate, Vitamin D and Vit

The paper reports on the bias stabilization of a 60-GHz resonant-tunneling diode (RTD)-based oscillator operated in pulsed mode. The oscillator contains an on-chip stabilizing capacitor, enabling the minimum dc consumption possible for such an RTD oscillator to be obtained, since all of the dc current is consumed by the active device. This is achieved without imposing restraints on the output powe

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) on Bragg reflections is a promising technique for the study of three-dimensional (3D) composition and strain fields in nanostructures, which can be recovered directly from the coherent diffraction data recorded on single objects. In this paper, we report results obtained for single homogeneous and heterogeneous nanowires with a diameter smaller than 100 nm, for w

We simulated and experimentally investigated the sputter yield of ZnO and GaAs nanowires, which were implanted with energetic Mn ions at room temperature. The resulting thinning of the nanowires and the dopant concentration with increasing Mn ion fluency were measured by accurate scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nano-x-Ray Fluorescence (nanoXRF) quantification, respectively. We observed a cl

This paper presents RF as well as low-frequency capacitance–voltage (C–V) characterization of vertical wrap-gated InAs/high-κ nanowire MOS capacitors. A full equivalent circuit model for traps is used to fit the low-frequency C–V characteristics, from which the interface trap density (Dit) and border trap density (Nbt) are evaluated separately. The results show comparable Nbt but far lower Dit (<1

Background: In recent years, research on the association between physical environments and cardiovascular disease outcomes has gained momentum with growing attention being paid to Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This nationwide study is the first to examine the effect of neighbourhood physical environments on individual-level stroke, using GIS-based measures of neighbourhood availability of

OBJECTIVE: Screening of hypertension has been advocated for early detection and treatment. Severe hypertension (grade 3 hypertension) is a strong predictor for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate not only the risk factors for developing severe hypertension, but also the prospective morbidity and mortality risk associated with severe hypertension in a population-based screening and