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Background: Wide implementation of mammography screening has resulted in increased numbers of women diagnosed with breast carcinoma in situ. We aimed to determine the risk of invasive breast cancer in relatives of patients with breast carcinoma in situ in comparison to the risk in relatives of patients with invasive breast cancer. Methods: We analyzed the occurrence of cancer in a nationwide cohor

Laterally grown InxGa1-xAs nanowires (NWs) are promising candidates for radio frequency and quantum computing applications, which, however, can require atomic scale surface and interface control. This is challenging to obtain, not least due to ambient air exposure between fabrication steps, which induces surface oxidation. The geometric and electronic surface structures of InxGa1-xAs NWs and conta

Nanowires are widely considered to be key elements in future disruptive electronics and photonics. This paper presents the first detailed study of transport mechanisms in single-crystalline InAs nanowires synthesized by a cheap solvothermal wet chemical method. From detailed analyses of temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics, it was observed that contacted nanowires operate in a lin

Background: Sarcopenia, resulting from loss of muscle mass and function, is highly prevalent in the ageing societies and is associated with risk of falls, frailty, loss of independence, and mortality. It is important to identify environmental risk factors, so that evidence-based interventions to prevent sarcopenia can be implemented at the population level. This study aimed to examine the potentia

Rationale: Hypercapnia develops in one third of patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Multiple factors in COPD are thought to contribute to the development of hypercapnia including increased carbon dioxide (CO2) production, increased dead space ventilation, and the complex interactions of deranged respiratory s

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing among young adults below screening age, despite the effectiveness of screening in older populations. Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of early-onset CRC. We aimed to determine how many years earlier than the general population patients with diabetes with/without family history of CRC reach the threshold risk at whi

Indoor combustion processes associated with cooking, heating, and smoking are a major source of aerosols in Jordanian dwellings. To evaluate human exposure to combustion-generated aerosols in Jordanian indoor environments, regional inhaled deposited dose rates of indoor aerosols (10 nm to 25 µm) were determined for different scenarios for adult occupants. The inhaled deposited dose rate provides a

Background: Spousal violence is the most common domestic violence against women and a growing public health problem globally. As a behaviour, marital control is commonly accepted as a precursor to spousal violence. Objective: This study examines the prevalence of different types of spousal violence among women in Myanmar and their association with sociodemographic factors and husbands’ controlling

Background: Social Networking Sites (SNS) are commonly used, especially by young adults. Their impact on mental health is unclear. Moreover, little is known about how social factors, e.g. Perceived Emotional Support (PES), may affect this association. Mental health issues are increasingly burdening the young generation and society as a whole. This study aims to investigate the association between

Background: Reducing the need for hospitalisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important goal in COPD management. The aim of this study was to evaluate re-hospitalisation, treatment, comorbidities and mortality in patients with COPD who were hospitalised for the first time due to a COPD exacerbation. Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based observa

Aims: To observe and report population demography, comorbidities, risk factor levels and risk factor treatment in a sample of individuals treated for type 2 diabetes in primary care in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Methods: Retrospective observational cohort using extraction of data from electronic medical records linked with national health care registries. Results: Sixty primary care clinics parti

Purpose: Conventional hemodialysis (HD) treatment has an acceptable removal of small uremic molecules, but so-called middle molecules in the range of 0.5-60 kDa are poorly cleared with HD compared to a native kidney, which may contribute to morbidity in the dialysis population. Hemodiafiltration (HDF) has a better removal of middle molecules compared to HD but is technically demanding and requires

Low-dimensional semiconductor materials structures, where nanowires are needle-like one-dimensional examples, have developed into one of the most intensely studied fields of science and technology. The subarea described in this review is compound semiconductor nanowires, with the materials covered limited to III-V materials (like GaAs, InAs, GaP, InP,...) and III-nitride materials (GaN, InGaN, AlG

We propose a model for the axial growth rate of nanowires grown by means of the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. Our model is based on deposition-desorption-incorporation kinetics in steady state, and using this model we discuss nanowire growth in two experimentally relevant limits: mass transport limited growth and incorporation limited growth. We discuss our modeling results in view of experimental

Determining the surface concentration and diffusivity of cell-membrane-bound molecules is central to the understanding of numerous important biochemical processes taking place at cell membranes. Here we use the high aspect ratio and lightguiding properties of semiconductor nanowires (NWs) to detect the presence of single freely diffusing proteins bound to a lipid bilayer covering the NW surface. S

Nanoparticle superlattices consisting of densely packed particles with periodic arrangements can exhibit interesting collective properties different from those of individual nanoparticles and thus have attracted great interest in research due to their potential applications in optoelectronic, plasmonic, and magnetic devices. Evaporation-induced self-assembly on solid substrates which employs nanop

Nanoparticle superlattices consisting of densely packed particles with periodic arrangements can exhibit interesting collective properties different from those of individual nanoparticles and thus have attracted great interest in research due to their potential applications in optoelectronic, plasmonic, and magnetic devices[1, 2]. Evaporation-induced self-assembly on solid substrates which employs

In this paper an acoustofluidic system to trap hydrogel droplets is shown. The presented trapping method is label-free, biocompatible and operated in non-contact mode. The results show that the droplets can be trapped at flow rates up to 76 μL/min which corresponds to an average flow speed of 3.2 mm/s. Moreover, it is shown that the droplets can be trapped for several hours, thus allowing for stud

To investigate the relation between joint involvement in the upper extremities and grip force in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An inception cohort of 225 patients with early RA was followed according to a structured protocol. The same rheumatologist assessed all patients for swollen joints and joint tenderness. Grip force was measured (Grippit; AB Detektor, Gothenburg, Sweden) at

It has been shown that long-range p-wave superconductivity in a Kitaev chain can be engineered via an ac field with a high frequency [M. Benito, Phys. Rev. B 90, 205127 (2014)PRBMDO1098-012110.1103/PhysRevB.90.205127]. For its experimental realization, however, theoretical understanding of Floquet engineering with a broader range of driving frequencies becomes important. In this paper, focusing on