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Germanium solar cells are used as bottom subcells in many multijunction solar cell designs. The question remains whether the thermal load originated by the growth of the upper layers of the multijunction solar cell structure affects the Ge subcell performance. Here, we report and analyze the performance degradation of the Ge subcell due to such thermal load in lattice-matched GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge tri
Semiconductor nanowire arrays are a promising candidate for next generation solar cells due to enhanced absorption and reduced material consumption. However, to optimize their performance, time consuming three-dimensional (3D) opto-electronics modeling is usually performed. Here, we develop an accurate one-dimensional (1D) modeling method for the analysis. The 1D modeling is about 400 times faster
Objective: To determine the level of agreement of disease flare severity (distinguishing severe, moderate, and mild flare and persistent disease activity) in a large paper-patient exercise involving 988 individual cases of systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: A total of 988 individual lupus case histories were assessed by 3 individual physicians. Complete agreement about the degree of flare (or
Realizing visionary concepts of integrated photonic circuits, nanospectroscopy, and nanosensing will tremendously benefit from dynamically tunable coherent light sources with lateral dimensions on the subwavelength scale. Therefore, we demonstrate an individual nanowire laser based device which can be gradually tuned by reversible length changes of the nanowire such that uniaxial tensile stress is
To mitigate dangerous climate change, a transition to a new and sustainable energy system is needed. In this system, solar energy will need to be a key player. Prices of electricity made from solar cells have declined rapidly over the recent decades, making solar energy competitive in more markets. However, further price reductions and new innovations are needed for solar cell technology to fulfil
ConspectusFunctional materials and devices require nanoscale control of morphology, crystal structure, and composition. Vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) crystal growth and its related growth modes enable the synthesis of 1D nanostructures, commonly called "nanowires", where the necessary nanoscale heterogeneity can be encoded axially. During the VLS process, a seed particle collects atoms and directs the
Background: Young women in India continue to face diverse challenges that threaten their health and wellbeing. The reproductive health and rights of newly married women, who are often expected to begin childbearing soon after marriage, are often neglected. The present study aims to understand some of the factors associated with the desire to delay the first childbirth in young, married women in In
This thesis explores the possibilities of using quantum dots (QDs) in nanoscale energy har- vesters converting heat into electrical energy, i.e. heat engines. From a theory perspective, these possibilities have been investigated for almost two decades, and interest in them seem to continuously increase over time. However, a high degree of experimental control over the manufacturing and operation o
Incommensurate order, in which two or more mismatched periodic patterns combine to make a long-range ordered yet aperiodic structure, is emerging as a general phenomenon impacting the crystal structures of compounds ranging from alloys and nominally simple salts to organic molecules and proteins. The origins of incommensurability in these systems are often unclear, but it is commonly associated wi
Aims The aims were to investigate the association between maternal serum levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in early pregnancy and overweight in the child at 4 years and to assess potential heterogeneity in exposure effect between strata with different levels of other risk factors for overwe
Control of the process of crystal growth has for decades been achieved by addressing the growth temperature and material supply of the growth species. Directional control of both crystal growth and etching has, for example, been achieved by utilizing a liquid droplet to assist the process. This is a common approach to achieve crystal growth of nanostructures, as in the case of Au-assisted III-V se
High thyroid hormone values have been associated with an increased risk of incident cancers, especially breast cancer but also lung cancer and any solid cancers. We explored whether there is an increased risk of overall and cause-specific cancers in those receiving levothyroxine treatment. We included all individuals ≥ 18 years in Sweden (N = 8,573,313) on January 1 2009, and identified patients w
We report on the use of a sacrificial AlAs segment to enable substrate reuse for nanowire synthesis. A silicon nitride template was deposited on a p-type GaAs substrate. Then a pattern was transferred to the substrate by nanoimprint lithography and reactive ion etching. Thermal evaporation was used to define Au seed particles. Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy was used to grow AlAs-GaAs NWs in the
The first examples of enantiopure catalysts that are chiral merely due to coordination of different metal ions at enantiotopic positions of an achiral meso-ligand are reported. These catalysts exhibit a pseudo-Cs symmetry and are able to catalyze reactions demanding simultaneous involvement of two catalytic sites. The latter was demonstrated by application in the asymmetric ring-opening of meso-ep
2D transition metal dichalcogenides are promising in various electronics and optoelectronics applications and have gained popularity owing to their carrier transport and strong light-matter interactions. To fully realize their potential in field-effect transistors (FETs) and photodetectors, high mobility and high responsivity are imperative. Here, we demonstrate the highest mobility of ∼166 cm2 V-
Today, semi-conductor nanowires can be grown with very high precision, using epitaxy. This allows for studies of new nanowire-based quantum devices, likely to be part of novel quantum technologies in the future. This thesis concerns nanostructures based on InAs nanowires. More specifically, it concerns the theoretical treatment of two types of nanowire-based structures: InAs/GaSb core-shell (and c
Descriptions of crustacean brains have focused mainly on three highly derived lineages of malacostracans: the reptantian infraorders represented by spiny lobsters, lobsters, and crayfish. Those descriptions advocate the view that dome- or cap-like neuropils, referred to as 'hemiellipsoid bodies,' are the ground pattern organization of centers that are comparable to insect mushroom bodies in proces
Geometrically designed III-V nanowire arrays are promising candidates for disruptive optoelectronics due to the possibility of obtaining a strongly enhanced absorption resulting from nanophotonic resonance effects. With normally incident light on such vertical nanowire arrays, the absorption spectra exhibit peaks that originate from excitation of HE1m waveguide modes in the constituent nanowires.
