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A novel method to enhance the heat transfer on the internal tip surface of gas turbine blades was developed. Effects of delta-winglet vortex generators (DWVG) and their angle of attack on the vortical structures and mechanism of enhanced heat transfer were investigated. Seven different angles of attack were considered: 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. The Reynolds number varies from 10,000 to

Numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the effects of pin-fin arrangement and jet Reynolds number on heat transfer enhancement and flow characteristics of a concave confined jet impingement cooled surface conjugated with pin-fins. The results without a pin-fin are used as a baseline. Vortices and different sections of streamlines in the channel are employed to understand the flow

To reduce global HIV-1 incidence, there is a need to understand and disentangle HIV-1 transmission dynamics and to determine the geographic areas and populations that act as hubs or drivers of HIV-1 spread. In Sub-Saharan Africa (sSA), the region with the highest HIV-1 burden, information about such transmission dynamics is sparse. Phylogenetic inference is a powerful method for the study of HIV-1

This paper performs a numerical study regarding the effects of different kinds of coolants on flow and heat transfer in a pin-finned internal channel. A new pin-fin structure detached from one endwall with a round-tip is proposed which aims to increase the heat transfer enhancement. As a contrast, the investigation of the typical fully-attached pin-fin and the flat-tip detached pin-fin is also con

Syngas produced by gasification, which contains a high hydrogen content, has significant potential. The variation in the hydrogen content and dilution combustion are effective means to improve the steady combustion of syngas and reduce NOx emissions. OH planar laser-induced fluorescence technology (OH-PLIF) was applied in the present investigation of the turbulence of a premixed flame of syngas wi

BACKGROUND: Evidence is limited regarding the impact of comprehensive mental health on the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of mental health status with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the UK Biobank.METHODS: This prospective study included 339,616 participants aged 40 to 69 years who were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and were followed up to 202

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and reduced lung function is an important risk factor for CVD and CVD-related death. However, the mechanisms behind the increased risk for CVD in COPD patients are not fully understood. Methods: We examined the association between CVD- and inflammation-related serum biomarkers, and pulm

This thesis characterizes magnetic nanoscale systems with increasing size and aspect ratio using synchrotron radiation-based spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, combined with conventional magnetometry. The systems studied are molecular magnets, bimagnetic nanoparticles and self-assembled magnetic nanochains.Single-molecule magnets are compounds that exhibit magnetic bistability and hysteresis

Sepsis is associated with exaggerated neutrophil responses although mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of c-Abelson (c-Abl) kinase in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and inflammation in septic lung injury. Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). NETs were detected by electron microscopy in the lung and by confocal m

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the in vitro, animal, and clinical studies with the bacterial strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v (L. plantarum 299v; formerly named Lactobacillus plantarum 299v) published up until June 30, 2020. L. plantarum 299v is the most documented L. plantarum strain in the world, described in over 170 scientific publications out of which more th

Introduction: Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory bowel condition with two subtypes, lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). Unlike patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and non-inflamed individuals, MC patients have reduced risk of developing colorectal cancer, possibly due to increased immune surveillance in MC patients. Aim: To examine differences in levels of immunomodul

Background/aim: In ED chest pain patients, a 0-hour/1-hour protocol based on high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) tests combined with clinical risk stratification in diagnosing acute coronary syndrome is recommended. Two of the most promising risk stratification tools are the History, ECG, Age, Risk Factors and Troponin (HEART) and Emergency Department Assessment of Chest Pain (EDAC) scor

A numerical method is utilized in this paper to study the effects of varying divider inclination angle on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics in a ribbed two-pass channel for Reynolds number varying from 10,000 to 50,000. The studied divider inclination angles are −3°,−2°,−1°,0°, +1°, +2° and +3°. The ribs have an orientating angle of 45°. The results show that the heat transfer i

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived appendicular lean mass/height2 (ALM/ht2) is the most commonly used estimate of muscle mass in the assessment of sarcopenia, but its predictive value for fracture is substantially attenuated by femoral neck (fn) bone mineral density (BMD). We investigated predictive value of 11 sarcopenia definitions for incident fracture, independent of fnBMD, fractur

Introduction: Emergency departments (ED) globally are addressing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with varying degrees of success. We leveraged the 17-country, Emergency Medicine Education & Research by Global Experts (EMERGE) network and non-EMERGE ED contacts to understand ED emergency preparedness and practices globally when combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We elect

Antibiotics are considered to be among the most frequent causes of drug-related acute liver injury (ALI). Although many ALIs have mild and reversible clinical outcomes, there is substantial risk of severe reactions leading to acute liver failure, need for liver transplant, and death. Recent studies have raised concerns of hepatotoxic potential related to the use of fluoroquinolones.MethodsThis stu

Highly efficient gas turbines are beneficial for improving the energy structure, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and protecting the Earth's environment. A highly efficient gas turbine means a higher inlet temperature and requires a more efficient cooling structure. Due to the limitations of aerodynamics, structure and strength, cracks, fractures and ablation easily form at the trailing edge of g

To explore the internal flow distributions and heat transfer mechanism in different types of independent cooling modules for automotive, numerical, and experimental studies were conducted. According to the study, the independent cooling modules with parallel structure, on which the heat exchangers were located separately and close to the inlets, the performance improvement was significant. In addi

Background: Esophageal atresia (EA) affects around 2.3–2.6 per 10,000 births world-wide. Infants born with this condition require surgical correction soon after birth. Most survival studies of infants with EA are locally or regionally based. We aimed to describe survival across multiple world regions. Methods: We included infants diagnosed with EA between 1980 and 2015 from 24 birth defects survei