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Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) is a multilevel regression approach grounded in intersectionality theory. It examines inequalities across intersections of social identities (e.g., gender, ethnicity, class) and is argued to provide more accurate predictions of intersectional means than conventional methods that estimate group means directly or vi

What are the benefit and harms of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in seronegative rheumatoid arthritis patients who are inadequate responders to conventional synthetic DMARDs?

Epidemiology has achieved substantial methodological refinement in recent decades, yet its social resonance has not always kept pace. This essay reflects on tendencies within influential sectors of the field toward methodological sophistication that, while yielding genuine intellectual advances, can unintentionally distance epidemiology from its civic and historical roots. By privileging what is a

Many studies compare health averages between groups such as neighbourhoods or social categories. Averages are simple but can be misleading, since individuals within the same group often differ widely. We present MAIHDA (Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy) as a general framework to study how context structures health differences. MAIHDA is not a new statisti

The aim of this international meta-analysis was to quantify the predictive value of BMI for incident fracture and relationship of this risk with age, sex, follow-up time, and BMD. A total of 1667922 men and women from 32 countries (63 cohorts), followed for a total of 16.0 million person-years were studied. 293325 had FN BMD measured (2.2 million person-years follow-up). An extended Poisson model

Summary: In this meta-analysis of international cohorts, current smoking is confirmed as a significant BMD-independent predictor of future fracture with a stronger relationship in men than in women. A causative and reversible effect of smoking on fracture risk is suggested by past smoking having a significantly lower risk than current smoking. Purpose: In this meta-analysis of international cohort

Background and purpose: Molecularly targeted cancer therapies challenge conventional health economic evaluation frameworks that are structured around tumour-specific indications, comparators, and trial designs. Existing models often rely on pooled estimates from heterogeneous early-phase evidence or single-indication analyses, creating uncertainty for reimbursement decision-makers. We propose a co

Movement patterns and habitat selection of animals have important implications for ecology and evolution. Darwin's finches are a classic model system for ecological and evolutionary studies, yet their spatial ecology remains poorly studied. We tagged and radio-tracked five (three females, two males) medium ground finches (Geospiza fortis) to examine the feasibility of telemetry for understanding t

Insect migration redistributes enormous quantities of biomass, nutrients and species globally. A subset of insect migrants perform extreme long-distance journeys, requiring specialized morphological, physiological and behavioral adaptations. The migratory globe skimmer dragonfly (Pantala flavescens) is hypothesized to migrate from India across the Indian Ocean to East Africa in the autumn, with a

Many spatial audio applications, including active noise control, virtual reality, and the generation of individual sound zones, rely on an understanding of acoustic propagation. In room acoustics, which is the focus of this thesis,the sound field generated by a point source is typically modelled as a linear time-invariant system, described by its room impulse response (RIR). The RIR captures the r

Primär hyperparathyroidism, pHPT, är en relativt vanlig endokrinologisk sjukdom som karaktäriseras av förhöjd utsöndring av bisköldkörtelhormon, PTH, i förhållande till kalciumnivån i blodet. Sjukdomen är vanligast hos äldre och kvinnor, och orsakas oftast av en godartad tumör i en bisköldkörtel (80–85% av fallen) eller mer diffus förstoring av flera bisköldkörtlar. Bisköldkörtlarnas fysiologiska

Popular Abstract in English This thesis is a collection of three independent but closely related studies. The focus is on the potential causes of skill mismatch, the extent of skill mismatch, the socio-demographic make-up of skill mismatch, and the consequences of skill mismatch in terms of earnings as well as employer sponsored adult education/training. A distinction is made between skill mismatcThis thesis is a collection of three independent but closely related studies. The focus is on the potential causes of skill mismatch, the extent of skill mismatch, the socio-demographic make-up of skill mismatch, and the consequences of skill mismatch in terms of earnings as well as employer sponsored adult education/training. A distinction is made between skill mismatch and education mismatch. Al

The aim of this Master’s thesis is to examine how students studying to become physiotherapists use the library’s website at the Medical Faculty at Lund University. We wanted to investigate whether the students were satisfied or not satisfied with the website’s structure and navigation and we also wanted to know how the students used the website and how well the website responded to the information

Collaborative governance is an approach used by governments to create policies in an equitable manner through the consensus seeking decision-making process via the collaboration of stakeholders that will be affected by the solution. However, one of the many critiques of this approach is that there are power imbalances between those involved, that instead make the outcome inequitable. Collaborative

Society faces significant funding gaps as it attempts to address crucial social and environmental challenges. One of the key barriers inhibiting the allocation of private capital to alleviate these funding needs is a lack of established methods regarding how investment practitioners can integrate sustainability considerations into investment processes. This thesis analyses how sustainable investme