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Several studies have found protective effects of low/moderate (hereafter 'light') alcohol consumption compared with 'abstinence' on mortality, health and wage. Some of these studies have been criticised because former drinkers have been included among the abstainers, which may overstate the protective effect of light alcohol consumption. It has also been proposed, but not shown, that the commonly

We have studied the (0001) surface termination of Rh2O3 on a Rh(111) single crystal using a combination of high resolution core level spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory. By exposing the Rh(111) to atomic oxygen we are able to grow Rh2O3 layers exposing the (0001) surface. The experiments support the theoretical predictions sta

Rare-earth ions in dielectric crystals are interesting candidates for storing quantum states of photons. A limiting factor on the optical density and thus the conversion efficiency is the distortion introduced in the crystal by doping elements of one type into a crystal matrix of another type. Here we investigate the system Pr3+:La-2(WO4)(3), where the similarity of the ionic radii of Pr and La mi

Current observational evidence indicates that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced birthweight in offspring. However, less is known about the effect of smokeless tobacco on birthweight and about the possible mechanisms involved in this relationship. This paper studies the effect of Swedish smokeless tobacco (snus) on offspring birthweight comparing the results obtained from

We perform a review of various approaches to the implementation of quantum memories, with an emphasis on activities within the quantum memory sub-project of the EU integrated project "Qubit Applications". We begin with a brief overview over different applications for quantum memories and different types of quantum memories. We discuss the most important criteria for assessing quantum memory perfor

Besides medical needs, psychotropic medication use in adolescence might be conditioned by the cultural context of the family. This knowledge is relevant for both detecting inequities in healthcare, and identifying information bias in epidemiological studies using psychotropic medication as a proxy for impaired psychological health. Therefore, we investigated whether, independent of needs, the soci

New and innovative production equipment can be developed by introducing lightweight materials in modern day automotive industry production lines. The properties of these new materials are expected to result in improved ergonomics, energy savings, increased flexibility and more robust equipment, which in the end will result in enhanced productivity. Carbon composite materials are one such alternati

Background: Age-related losses in bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength, balance, and gait have been linked to an increased risk of falls, fractures and disability, but few prospective studies have compared the timing, rate and pattern of changes in each of these measures in middle-aged and older men and women. This is important so that targeted strategies can be developed to optimise specif

Homoleptic ([Ru(L)(3)](2+)) and heteroleptic (Ru(NCS)(2)(bpy)(L)) complexes carrying rigid anchor-cum-spacer ligands (L), comprised of ethynylene-phenylene spacer groups and a designated anchor group, including the isophthalic group (Ipa), have been studied computationally using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. The results of the c

Background Subclinical cobalamin deficiency is common in the elderly, but the sensitivity and specificity of serum total cobalamin for this diagnosis is poor. Serum holotranscobalamin (holoTC), a measure of biologically available cobalamin, is considered a better marker for early cobalamin depletion than total cobalamin. However, in elderly populations, health-related reference intervals for holoT

We analyze the Ce3+-Pr3+:Y2SiO5 emission spectra obtained under selective excitation of the two Ce3+ sites in Y2SiO5 and we show clear evidence of direct energy transfer from Ce3+ to Pr3+. Energy transfer microparameters were calculated from the experimental spectral overlap between the Ce3+ emission and the Pr3+ and Eu3+ absorptions from which, the transfer mechanisms Ce3+-> Pr3+ are concluded to

To present concept, methods and use of a knowledge database providing assessments of potential fetal risks for all drugs on the Swedish market. Assessments of fetal risks are made primarily by analyzing prospective epidemiological data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register on drug intake in relation to birth outcome. This is complemented by evaluation of the scientific literature. Following stan

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is a common disease that often remains undetected and causes severe disturbance especially in postmenopausal women. Therefore, national recommendations promoting early pHPT detection by plasma calcium (P-Ca) have been issued in Sweden. In this study we aimed to investigate variation of P-Ca analysis between physicians and health care centres (HCCs) in

Small for gestational age (SGA) is considered as an indicator of intrauterine growth restriction, and multiple maternal and newborn characteristics have been identified as risk factors for SGA. This knowledge is mainly based on measures of average association (ie, OR) that quantify differences in average risk between exposed and unexposed groups. Nevertheless, average associations do not assess th

To investigate the association between metabolic risk factors (individually and in combination) and risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC).

The underlying causes of incident fractures-bone fragility and the tendency to fall-remain under-diagnosed and under-treated. This care gap in secondary prevention must be addressed to minimise both the debilitating consequences of subsequent fractures for patients and the associated economic burden to healthcare systems. Clinical systems aimed at ensuring appropriate management of patients follow

Interest in high spatial resolution boron analyses from a geochemical perspective is related to the recognition of boron as an important tracer of chemical recycling in the Earth, due to the high solubility of boron in aqueous fluids and silicate melts. Although boron is not a nominal component in common silicates they may still contain significant B-concentrations and hence constitute important b