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Tissue damage is usually regarded as a necessary price to pay for successful elimination of pathogens by the innate immune defense. Yet, it is possible to distinguish protective from destructive effects of innate immune activation and selectively attenuate molecular nodes that create pathology. Here, we identify acute cystitis as an Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-driven, hyper-inflammatory condition o
The expansion of pollinator-dependent crops, especially in the developing world, together with reports of worldwide pollinator declines, raises concern of possible yield gaps. Farmers directly reliant on pollination services for food supply often live in regions where our knowledge of pollination services is poor. In a manipulative experiment replicated at 23 sites across an Ethiopian agricultural
CD103+CD11b+ dendritic cells (DC) are the major migratory DC subset in the small intestine lamina propria (siLP) and their survival is dependent on the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4). Mice with a DC-specific deletion of irf4 (CD11c-cre.Irf4 mice) have reduced mucosal CD103+CD11b+ DC and altered T cell differentiation to protein antigen. The influence of CD103+CD11b+ DC
Den här avhandlingen undersöker Stockholms boulevardpress under det sena 1800-talet. Studiens huvudsakliga empiriska material utgörs av de fyra boulevardveckotidningarna Figaro, Vikingen, Budkaflen och Hvad Nytt. Boulevardpressens största intresse var den lokala societeten och de teatrar och restauranger den frekventerade. Syftet med avhandlingen är att undersöka tidningstypen med särskild hänsyn
Coal has long been one of the fossil fuels underpinning the energy systems of many countries around the world. Because of its long-standing history, many actors have an interest in retaining the status quo. In this article, we explore the complexities of a coal phase-out in different countries. Drawing on empirical material from Germany, India, Mexico, Serbia and South Africa, we look at the way c
Synovial fluid (SF) may contain cleavage products of proteolytic activities. Our aim was to characterize the degradome through analysis of proteolytic activity and differential abundance of these components in a peptidomic analysis of SF in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients versus controls (n = 23). SF samples from end-stage knee osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery an
Histatin 5 is a histidine-rich, intrinsically disordered, multifunctional saliva protein known to act as a first line of defense against oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans. An earlier study showed that, upon interaction with a common model bilayer, a protein cushion spontaneously forms underneath the bilayer. Our hypothesis is that this effect is of electrostatic origin and that the obser
Complement offers a first line of defence against infection through the opsonization of microbial pathogens, recruitment of professional phagocytes to the infection site and the coordination of inflammatory responses required for the resolution of infection. Staphylococcus aureus is a successful pathogen that has developed multiple mechanisms to thwart host immune responses. Understanding the prec
We revisit the abundances of neutron-capture elements in the metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -2.9) r-process-rich halo star CS 31082-001. Partly motivated by the development of the new near-ultraviolet Cassegrain U-band Efficient Spectrograph for the Very Large Telescope, we compiled an expanded line list for heavy elements over the range 3000-4000 Å, including hyperfine structure for several elements. Combi
Epithelioid and spindle cell hemangioma was initially described in 1999 in a series of primary bone tumors and was subsequently suggested by some to represent a variant of epithelioid hemangioma. Here, we studied 18 epithelioid and spindle cell hemangiomas. Nine patients (50%) were male. Age at presentation ranged from 12 to 78 years (median: 38.5 y). Nine patients (50%) had tumor(s) limited to bo
We present an upgraded version of the mocca code for the study of dynamical evolution of globular clusters (GCs) and its first application to the study of evolution of multiple stellar populations. We explore initial conditions spanning different structural parameters for the first (FG) and second generation of stars (SG) and we analyse their effect on the binary dynamics and survival. Here, we fo
Presents a new view of the standard of living development in Sweden during the agricultural revolution, using evidence on the ability to overcome short-term economic stress. The results corroborate previous findings, based on a variety of indicators, that standard of living in Sweden increased for most people after the mid-nineteenth century, but also support a more negative view of the immediate
Lymphoid organ hypertrophy is a characteristic feature of acute infection and is considered to enable efficient induction of adaptive immune responses. Accordingly, oral infection with rotavirus induced a robust increase in cellularity in the mesenteric LNs, whose kinetics correlated with viral load and was caused by halted lymphocyte egress and increased recruitment of cells without altered cellu
This chapter examines changes to safe third country law and practice from 2010 to 2020 focusing on Europe, Australia, North, and South America. These developments have received little academic attention, particularly from a comparative perspective. We argue that in all four regions there has been a significant weakening of protection standards in the safe third country context, with the thresholds
The objective for this study was to investigate whether the postural control adaptation during galvanic stimulation of the vestibular nerve were similar to that found during vibration stimulation to the calf muscles. A method for adaptation analysis was used to analyze the evoked changes of posture, stimulus responses and the motion dynamics. The adaptive adjustments of postural control were simil
BACKGROUND: No studies have examined long-term risks for aortic aneurysm (AA) and aortic dissection (AD) or mortality after AA or AD hospitalization among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).METHODS AND RESULTS: In this observational cohort study, we linked data for patients with T2DM in the Swedish National Diabetes Register, and 5 individually matched population-based control subjects
The ISO22400 standard defines key performance indicators for manufacturing operation management. Its visionary goal is to be applicable to all industry types, regardless the production methodology and the process configuration. Pursuing this objective, a challenging trade-off between generality and specificity in the definitions must be found. In the cited standard, the former approach has been pr
During a metal cutting process, chemical wear can become the dominant mechanism of tool degradation under the high temperatures and contact pressures that arise between the tool and the metal workpiece. This study focuses on the chemical and diffusional interactions between superalloy Inconel 718 and cubic boron nitride (cBN) tool material with and without TiC binder. It covers thermodynamic model
