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Emerging technologies are paving the way for future revolutionary advances in science that may open the possibility to change the very anthropological definition of human being. This mere possibility has lead to ethical interrogations concerning the nature and boundaries of human nature and our relationship with science and technology. Meanwhile the Law has faced the challenge of reflecting on the
We examine the use of in-cylinder measurements for engine control, with emphasis on emissions control during cold start. First, the cold start emissions control problem is described. An overview of previous research in the area of in-cylinder measurements for control is presented, including sensors for pressure and other quantities. Next, analysis of cylinder pressure is described. Lastly, a cold-
Sex differences in parasite load and immune responses are found across a wide range of animals, with females generally having lower parasite loads and stronger immune responses than males. Intrigued by these general patterns, we investigated if there was any sign of sex-specific selection on an essential component of adaptive immunity that is known to affect fitness, the major histocompatibility c
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are bone marrow-derived cells that are primarily responsible for generating platelets for the maintenance of hemostasis. Although MK can variably express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules during their differentiation, little is known whether they can elicit nonhemostatic immune functions such as T-cell activation. Here, we demonstrate that mature
Monoclonal antibodies ofatumumab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) which are approved for usage in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), efficiently activate the classical complement pathway. However complement is an exhaustible component and high doses of its activators may deplete complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) potential, thus reducing the effect of repeated mAb dosing
A method is presented that combines advanced experimental and numerical techniques in the determination of constitutive parameters. The general principle is that a specimen, producing a non-homogeneous stress state, is deformed rapidly. Load and deformation is recorded during the deformation and the event is also simulated using FEM. For the numerical calculation a set of constitutive parameters i
There is a lack of clinical protocols for re-irradiation in paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours. To fill this void, the Swedish Workgroup of Paediatric Radiotherapy (SBRTG) compiled national guidelines on re-irradiation in paediatric CNS tumours (diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, ependymoma, germinoma and medulloblastoma). These have been in clinical practice since 2019 in all paediatr
Perception is not a passive process but the result of an interaction between an organism and the environment. This is especially clear in haptic perception that depends entirely on tactile exploration of an object. We investigate this idea in a system-level brain model of somatosensory and motor cortex and show how it can use signals from a humanoid robot to categorize different object. The model
AbstractThe overall aim of this thesis was to explore women´s experiences of the second stage of labour, midwifery practices and the use of interventions.Methods: Study I is a retrospective cohort study where 764 medical records from 2017 were reviewed. Women in Robson group 1 were included. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used to describe the use of oxytocin and to compare mode of birth
Background: The neotropical anopheline mosquito Anopheles darlingi is a major malaria vector in the Americas. Studies on mosquito-associated microbiota have shown that symbiotic bacteria play a major role in host biology. Mosquitoes acquire and transmit microorganisms over their life cycle. Specifically, the microbiota of immature forms is largely acquired from their aquatic environment. Therefore
BACKGROUND: Stereotypes may prevail, but little is known about the influence that the sex of an orthopaedic surgeon may have on outcomes. In a recently published study, there were no differences in the rate of adverse events following total hip arthroplasties (THAs) performed by female or male orthopaedic surgeons. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether there was any differe
Background Although physiology-based assessment of coronary artery stenosis using instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) are established methods of guiding coronary revascularization, its clinical outcome in long-term deferral needs further evaluation, especially with acute coronary syndrome as a clinical presentation. The aim was to evaluate the long-term clinical o
In some nuclear power plants, the containment liners are embedded in concrete. The purpose of the containment liner is to minimize the risk of radioactive leakage by granting a leak-tight containment building. In the presence of flaws in the surrounding concrete, such as voids, or foreign objects embedded in the concrete, there is a risk that the liner plate might corrode. This could degrade the l
