Search results

The structural heterogeneity of tumor tissue can be probed by diffusion MRI (dMRI) in terms of the variance of apparent diffusivities within a voxel. However, the link between the diffusional variance and the tissue heterogeneity is not well-established. To investigate this link we test the hypothesis that diffusional variance, caused by microscopic anisotropy and isotropic heterogeneity, is assoc

IMPORTANCE Fluid overload occurring as a consequence of overly aggressive fluid resuscitation may adversely affect outcome in hemodynamically unstable critically ill patients. Therefore, following the initial fluid resuscitation, it is important to identify which patients will benefit from further fluid administration. OBJECTIVE To identify predictors of fluid responsiveness in hemodynamically uns

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of inherited retinal degenerative diseases characterized by the loss of photoreceptors and vision for which no effective treatment is available. Several animal models of retinitis pigmentosa are used to elucidate its pathogenesis and to devise therapies. The retinal degeneration (rd1) mouse is one such animal model in which rod-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) is in

Sex trafficking has from six hundred thousand to four million victims each year (McCabe and Manian, 2010: 41-43). Because of different legal barriers, sex trafficking is closely associated with organized crime; crime victims often do not search for support from legal systems, law enforcement authorities, or other officials (ibid.) This thesis was to understand how law affects the ability of preven

With an increasingly population and urbanization, the solid waste management have become a major challenge for local authorities in developing countries all over the world. The local authorities must improve their waste management in order to minimize the negative effects of solid waste and to avoid future land use conflicts. At the same time the economical resources are limited and solid waste ma

Dealing with water diffuse pollution is a major problem for watershed managers. This problem raises many complicated questions, which are important to answer in order to reach water environment protection goals. This study suggested some possible answers for the country of Lithuania. Among them were the identification of critical source areas, the identification of sensitive areas and the applicat

Dwarf galaxies are a key component in understanding the evolution of galaxies and provide tests on the standard cosmological $\Lambda$ Cold Dark Matter model. According to the formation hierarchy, dwarf galaxies are the pieces that create all galaxies. Our current understanding of dwarf galaxies faces discrepancies between theory and observations. These problems are mostly due to incompleteness in

In an urbanizing world, challenged by climate change and rising temperatures, street vegetation can help mitigate urban temperatures. However, scaling the understanding of street vegetation’s cooling effects from local observations to the city level introduces challenges. While several studies have assessed the influence of street greenery on land surface temperature (LST) at the city scale using

The release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from inland waters plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Yet, there are uncertainties related to estimating riverine CO2 evasion (FCO2), especially in data scarce regions such as the Tibetan Plateau. It is unclear how global change in the form of climate warming and anthropogenic disturbance affects emissions. This study reports annual CO2 fluxes a

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended by guidelines to evaluate the severity of brain ischemia after cardiac arrest for functional outcome prediction. However, standardized assessment criteria are lacking. We have developed a semi-quantitative Cardiac Arrest Brain Ischemia (CABI) score to assess the extension of brain ischemia on MRI. Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic pe

Background: The routine use of sedation and analgesia during post-cardiac arrest care and its association with clinical outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to describe the use of sedatives and analgesics in post-cardiac arrest care, and evaluate associations with good functional outcome, survival, clinical seizures, and late awakening. Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the TTM2-trial,

Varje år diagnostiseras i Sverige ungefär 1100 personer med cancer i huvudhalsregionen. Typiska diagnoser är tungcancer, läppcancer och cancer i struphuvudet. I och runt om munhålan finns det stora skillnader i densitet mellan till exempel vävnad och tänder och vävnad och tandlagningar. I detta arbete så har effekterna av ett antal olika tandlagningsmaterial på dosberäkningarna undersökts. För a"Introduction: Around 1.000 people are diagnosed with head and neck cancer in Sweden every year. Radiotherapy is often used to treat these tumors. When irradiating patients in the head and neck area there are some problems. One of these problems is the large difference in density between the oral tissue and dental materials. Another problem is the image artifacts due to high-density materials

Monte Carlo-simuleringar har fått en ökad betydelse som forskningsverktyg inom nuklearmedicinsk bildgivning eftersom man på ett mycket kontrollerat sätt kan studera nästan vad man vill. I denna studie har datorsimuleringar av ett PET-system gjorts med ett program som heter GATE. PET (Positron Emission Tomography) är en nuklearmedicinsk bildgivningsteknik som används mer och mer inom sjukvården sIntroduction: Monte Carlo simulation is a powerful tool in research in the field of nuclear medicine imaging and there is a wide area of applications. The purpose of this work was (1) to understand the basics of the Monte Carlo simulation software Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE); (2) to create a model of Philips Gemini TF PET/CT system; (3) to run a number of simulations to comp

In my paper I have emanated from the question when a refusal to deal by an undertaking in a dominant position constitutes an abuse according to article 82 EC Treaty. Article 82 of The Consolidated version of the Treaty establishing the European Community, signed in Rome 1957, incorporating the changes made by the Treaty of Amsterdam on 2 October 1997, OJ 1997 C340, pp. 173-308, hereafter referred

INTRODUCTION: Since the last two decades, there has been a dramatic rise in caesarean sections (CS) throughout the world. This increase has been seen even in Europe, where rates vary significantly from 17% in Northern Europe to 56% in the South. Although, CS can be a lifesaving intervention when medically necessary, non-essential CS are associated with short- and long-term complications for both t

BACKGROUND: Postmortem MRI has opened-up avenues to study brain structure at ultra high-resolution revealing details not possible to observe with in vivo MRI. Here, we present a novel package (purple-mri) which performs tissue segmentation, anatomical parcellation and spatial normalization of postmortem MRI. Additionally, we provide a framework to perform point-wise surface-based group-level studi

Background: Myocardium at risk (MaR) can be evaluated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging using contrast-enhanced steady state free precession (CE-SSFP) in patients after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, CE-SSFP utilizes gadolinium contrast, which is contraindicated in patients with severe renal insufficiency. Native T1-mapping is a non-contrast CMR method which

33Background: PSMA PET has been shown to detect more metastasis and alter management at biochemical recurrence (BCR), but it remains to be determined that it changes oncologic outcome. We assessed the quantitative parameters on 18F-DCFPyL PET at BCR and evaluated their association with tumor volume, metastatic locations with the subsequent biochemical progression free survival (bPFS). Methods: Thi