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Introduction: The screening program for cervical cancer in Sweden recommends the use of primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening for women aged ≥30 to 65 years. Co-testing with both HPV analysis and cytology is recommended at the first screening after the age of 40 years. To fulfil co-testing, all screened women aged 40–42 years within the region of Skåne were co-tested. The aim of the audit w
Objectives: To investigate the association of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during early pregnancy with markers of the maternal thyroid system. Methods: Serum concentrations of seven PFAS as well as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free and total thyroxine (FT4 and TT4), free and total triiodothyronine (FT3 and TT3) were measured in pregnant women in early pregnancy in t
PURPOSE: The first interim analysis of the phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled TITAN study showed that apalutamide significantly improved overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) receiving ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Herein, we report final efficacy and safety results after unblin
Objective: To investigate if the improved glucose tolerance previously observed at breakfast following an evening meal with boiled barley kernels derives from colonic events related to the fermentation of the elevated amounts of indigestible carbohydrates present and/or from the low-GI features. Subjects/Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers aged 19–30 years. Design: High-GI white wheat bread (WWB)
A review was performed of eight previously performed investigations of environmental impacts from end-consumer food waste prevention. The overall aim of the study was to investigate the state of the art in these assessments, identify key factors which could explain seen variations in GWP-emission savings, and suggest methodological improvements leading to increased potentials for cross-study compa
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad är det för något i human mjölk som dödar cancer celler? Kan “fel” veckade proteiner vara nyttiga? Kan fett vara inblandat i protein veckning? Det är några av frågorna som tas upp i denna avhandling. Allt levande består av proteiner som i sin tur är uppbyggda av amino syror. Det finns 20 st. olika amino syror som på olika sätt kan länkas samman till proteinkedjor. DBy varying its secondary or tertiary structure a single protein can attain new biological functions. The amyloid forming proteins are the best known examples where a change in conformation leads to the formation of amyloid fibrils that accumulate in tissues and cause disease. a-lactalbumin in contrast, is an example of a protein that acquires a beneficial function when the conformation is altered
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry biological information from their parent cell to other cells in the body. To intercept and decipher this information necessitates the isolation of EVs from complex backgrounds such as blood or spinal fluid. Acoustic trapping has been previously demonstrated as a promising technique for EV isolation from cell media, blood plasma and urine. The acoustic fields stru
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) can induce oxidative stress, genomic instability, and epigenetic modifications. In occupational settings, Cr(VI)-exposed workers may also be exposed to other toxicants, such as elements besides Cr, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, research on the extent of these co-exposures and their combined effects remains limited. The objective of this study
Background Polypharmacy in the Swedish elderly population is currently a prioritised area of research with a focus on reducing the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). Multi-professional interventions have previously been tested for their ability to improve drug therapy in frail elderly patients. Objective This study aimed to assess a structured model for pharmacist-led medication
Background: Cadmium (Cd) can cause renal damage and osteoporosis after high-level exposure. Recently such effects, including increased urinary excretion of calcium, have been shown also at low-level exposure, as measured by Cd in blood or urine. However, associations with kidney Cd have not been examined. The aim of this study was to explore the relation between kidney Cd and urinary calcium excre
Background: Paleolithic Diet Fraction (PDF) and Paleolithic Diet Score (PDS) are both measures of how closely a food intake conforms to a Paleolithic dietary pattern. PDF is calculated directly from an individual’s absolute food intake and PDS is an aggregated score based on an individual’s food intake relative to a population. Both are inversely associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortal
Purpose: To investigate the rates of knee reoperation and medical complications after meniscal repair versus partial meniscectomy (APM) up to 10 years after surgery. Methods: All patients ≥ 15 years old operated for a meniscal tear with meniscus repair or partial meniscectomy at Scania University Hospital were included, between year 2010 and 2014. Information was retrieved from patient records unt
Background: The European ALLTogether protocol for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, initiated in Sweden 2019, introduced earlier asparaginase during induction, dexamethasone instead of prednisone for all patients, and omitted anthracyclines from low-risk induction to reduce treatment-related toxicity. Consolidation-1 was based on the Induction 1B-phase developed by the BFM-group, replacing m
Background: Despite their vulnerability to the toxic effects of certain metals, biomonitoring data on adolescents are limited. In the present study, we assessed blood concentrations of toxic metals (cadmium [Cd], total mercury [Hg], and lead [Pb] in a national representative sample of Swedish adolescents. We also examined the associations of Cd, total Hg and Pb with habitual intakes of major energ
Background: Sex workers have high incidences of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Although, interventions targeting sex workers have shown to be effective, evidence on which strategies are most cost-effective is limited. This study aims to systematically review evidence on the cost-effectiveness of sexual health interventions for sex workers on a global level. It also evaluates the qual
BACKGROUND: A better definition of biomarkers and biological processes related to local recurrence and disease progression is highly warranted for ductal breast carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Stromal-epithelial interactions are likely of major importance for the biological, clinical, and pathological distinctions between high- and low-risk DCIS cases.METHODS: Stromal platelet derived growth factor rece
Evidence from cold regions in North America has shown that the performance of stormwater ponds differs between winter and summer. The pond hydraulics change seasonally, and winters have lowered removal efficiency due to a combination of an ice cover, cold water and de-icing salts. This study examines the function of the Backaslov stormwater pond under the more mild conditions of southern Sweden, w
The bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment (HME) plays a pivotal role in regulating normal and diseased hematopoiesis. However, the spatial organization of the human HME has not been thoroughly investigated yet. Therefore, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) immunofluorescence model to analyze changes in the cellular architecture in control and diseased bone marrows (BMs). BM biopsies from p
Although a number of different medium access control (MAC) schemes are adopted for wireless multi-hop networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) approaches based on a periodic frame of time slots are the most common when very high efficiency is needed in terms of use of radio and energy resources. Efficient resource usage is typically based on parallel compatible transmissions from multiple no
Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 94 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breast cancer (BC) risk and 18 associated with ovarian cancer (OC) risk. Several of these are also associated with risk of BC or OC for women who carry a pathogenic mutation in the high-risk BC and OC genes BRCA1 or BRCA2. The combined effects of these variants on BC
