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Popular Abstract in Swedish Europaparlamentet vill minska primärenergianvändningen samt minska beroendet av energiimport till unionen (EU Direktiv 2012/27/EU). Ett hjälpmedel för att uppnå detta mål kan vara användandet av individuell mätning och debitering (IMD) av värme och varmvatten i flerbostadshus. IMD innebär att boende i flerbostadshus endast ska betala för deras egen konsumtion, vilket skIndividual metering and charging (IMC) means that tenants in multi-apartment buildings should pay only for their own energy consumption, which gives an economic incentive for energy-conscious behaviour. In April, 2014, Swedish legislation about energy metering in buildings (SFS 2014:267) was passed by the Swedish Parliament as an implementation of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EU. The

It is well known that planar self-complementary structures have a constant input impedance and hence they are good candidates for ultra-wideband antennas. However, introduction of a ground plane breaks the symmetry and destroys the broadband property. In this paper, it is shown that stacking of dielectric slabs above the antenna elements can reduce the degrading eject of the ground plane. The diel

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is arguably the most important, emblematic and ubiquitous technology of contemporary society. We see ICT used increasingly in new product areas and help resolve problems and challenges to mankind; it has even gotten to a point where life without ICT is hard to imagine. For many incumbent firms, the infusion of ICT into their industries poses both thr

Following public sector reforms inspired by New Public Management, new structures and processes intended for actors to coordinate their activities have been introduced in the public sectors in Northern Europe since the 1980s. Partly, the focus on structural change has evolved around creating market-like structures.Quasi-markets can be regarded as a structure for governance where market mechanisms

Close reading of Ingmar Bergman's last film, Saraband (2003).

This paper reflects and analyzes upon a research and pedagocial development project “Gender perspectives on university education and academic disciplines - a pedagogic project for the development of teaching – an intersectional approach (financed by the Swediah Council for Renewal of Higher Education). The project aims to further develop pedagogical models for the inclusion and integration of a “g

The current family of 802.11 protocols are based on the Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) mechanism which is a simple and robust means of sharing a channel. However, two current trends in wireless networks point towards a situation where CSMA fails to perform better than pure random access solutions such as ALOHA. The first trend is the ever increasing raw data rate in each generation of 802.11

In this article a development of the research orientation called phenomenography to include analyses of the use of language in understanding subject matter is presented. The development has its background in research on student learning that was the immediate basis for what was later called phenomenography. The development presented is a continuation of the original research on students´ approache

The predictive first order hold circuit is introduced and analyzed. The main advantage of this hold circuit is that it gives a continuous control signal. Conditions for causality and a pole placement procedure are presented. Formulas for sampling a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) problem are given and are used to analyze an example where the predictive first order hold gives better performance tha

Shallow lakes such as Lake Krankesjön are characterized by their extended littoral zones, usually covered by submersed and emergent vegetation. In paper 1, I investigated the relationship between turbidity and macrophyte growth (Chara spp.) during spring and summer in Lake Krankesjön and found that the colonization of the lake bed by macrophytes was dependent on turbidity on a non-linear way. Also