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Background: The Brief Obsessive Compulsive Scale (BOCS), derived from the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the children's version (CY-BOCS), is a short self-report tool used to aid in the assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It is widely used throughout child, adolescent and adult psychiatry settings in Sweden but has n

Popular Abstract in Swedish Järn har den kemiska beteckningen Fe från latinskans ferrum. Det är det fjärde vanligaste ämnet i världen och utgör ca en femtedel av jordskorpan. Trots det kan både djur och växter ha järnbrist. Hur kan detta vara möjligt? Problemet är egentligen inte förekomsten av järn utan att järnet som vi och alla andra organismer behöver har oxidationstillståndet Fe(II) medan detIt is of vital importance to understand the systems for iron metabolism and this thesis contributes to this by providing insights into the structure and function of the acquisition and homeostasis of iron. The two proteins that have been primarily investigated are a ferric reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana called FRO2 and a mitochondrial iron chaperone from Saccharomyces cerevisiae called fratax

Background: Tibial osteotomy is a treatment for younger and/or physically active patients suffering from uni-compartmental knee osteoarthritis. The open wedge osteotomy by the hemicallotasis technique includes the use of external fixation. The use of external fixation has several advantages, as early mobilization and the opportunity for optimal correction. However, the hemicallotasis technique has

STUDY DESIGN: Observational cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate by MRI whether a vertebral fracture during childhood is a risk factor for degeneration of adjacent discs. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Several studies infer that trauma is a major cause of disc degeneration. Only 1 study has by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluated disc degeneration in children with a former thoracic or lumbar ve

Sammanfattning Allt fler människor blir infertila. För att lösa problemet att få ett genetiskt barn har flera länder i vår omvärld börjat använda och tillåta surrogatmödraskap. I Sverige har åsikterna tidigare varit att det varit en allt för oetisk metod. Under årens lopp har dock värderingarna ändrats något och idag pågår en livlig debatt om altruistiskt surrogatmödraskap ska bli tillåtet. AltruiSummary Infertility is increasing. Because of this several countries around the world have begun to allow surrogacy as a means of procuring a genetic child. In Sweden, the previously held view was that surrogacy is unethical. However, over the years societal values have begun to gradually change. Presently there is a lively debate concerned with allowance of altruistic surrogacy. Altruistic surrog

Denna uppsats syftar främst till att utreda hur svensk straffrätt betraktar situationen där en person verbalt förmår annan att begå självmord och om någon skulle kunna bli ansvarig för annans självmord. Det mer övergripande syftet är att undersöka lagstiftarens ambitioner kring vad som bör kriminaliseras och varför självmord knappt behandlas i rättskälleläran och inom rättsväsendet. Självmord ellThe purpose of this essay is primarily to examine how the Swedish criminal law considers the situation where a person persuades another to kill oneself. Furthermore, the essay aims more generally to investigate the legislator ́s ambition about what actions that should be criminalized and why suicide barely is treated in the judicial. Today, suicide or attempted suicide does not constitute a crime

The right to deduct input value added tax (“VAT”) depends on a direct and immediate link to a taxable persons taxable activities. The disposal of shares is either out of scope of VAT, since it is not considered an economic activity, or exempt from VAT. Consequently there is, in general, no right to deduct input VAT for costs relating to such a disposal. However, the Court of Justice of the Europea

De riktade ränteavdragsbegränsningsreglerna introducerades 2009 i inkomstskattelagen (IL) för att motverka skatteplanering mellan bolag inom samma intressegemenskap och skydda den svenska skattebasen. Reglerna har sedan dess ändrats två gånger varav den senaste versionen introducerades 2019. Huvudregeln i 2019 års regler är att ränteutgifter kopplade till en koncernintern skuld endast är avdragsgiThe Swedish interest deduction limitation rules were introduced in 2009 in the Income Tax Act (ITA) to counteract tax planning between companies within the same group and to protect the Swedish tax base. The rules have since been amended twice, with the latest version introduced in 2019. The main rule in the 2019 rules is that interest expenses related to an intra-group debt are only deductible in

This study examines the discourses surrounding Schiaparelli's faux fur collection that sparked strong reactions on Instagram. We analyze how the discourse about the faux fur silhouettes was expressed and created on Instagram, and what the strongest reactions on Instagram were around the faux fur collection. We have also investigated the role of celebrities in the discourse and whether they hav

Den 1 september 2022 trädde en ändring i utsökningsbalken i kraft, med följden att förvaltningsmyndigheters beslut som huvudregel utgör exekutionstitlar, förutsatt att beslutet dels innehåller en betalningsförpliktelse, dels är överklagbart. Före lagändringen krävdes en särskild föreskrift för att ett sådant beslut skulle utgöra en exekutionstitel. Ändringen skedde i syfte att effektivisera verkstOn the 1st of September 2022 an amendment in the Swedish Enforcement Code (1981:774) came into effect, with the result that an administrative decision today as a general rule becomes an enforcement title, under the condition that it contains an obligation of payment as well as being appealable. The purpose of this amendment to the law was to bring about a more effective enforcement procedure conce

As the world is trying to rid itself of its dependence on fossil fuels, the need for renewable energy is rapidly increasing. In the power distribution network (DN), this takes the form of distributed generation (DG) from renewable sources, such as photovoltaic (PV) power production. But as more DG is installed, it can lead to issues in the DN such as overloading and overvoltage when production is

Digital communication, and particularly social media, has radically altered the way we build and sustain relationships and thus, our sense of self. At the same time as social media platforms have provided a place that is fully designed around its users, they have also brought a new manner of portraying and making sense of oneself. Social media, in particular, has intensified this trend by fosterin

Uppsatsen undersöker EU-domstolens tolkning av begreppet ”privaträttens område” i art. 1.1 Europaparlamentets och rådets förordning (EU) nr 1215/2012 av den 12 december 2012 om domstols behörighet och om erkännande och verkställighet av domar på privaträttens område (omarbetning) (Bryssel Ia-förordningen). Begreppet, som bestämmer förordningens materiella tillämpningsområde, definieras inte i föroThe essay examines the CJEU's (Court of Justice of the European Union) interpretation of the concept "civil and commercial matters" in art. 1.1 Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of 12 December 2012 on Jurisdiction and the Recognition and Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters (recast) (Brussels Ia-regulation). The concept, which determines the material scope of the regul

Ett stödbrev utfärdas vanligen av ett moderbolag till en koncernextern part. Stödbrevet uttrycker ett visst stöd för ett dotterbolag i koncernen som den koncernexterna parten har ingått eller skall ingå avtal med. Stödbrevet är en kompromisslösning mellan parter som inte kan enas om vilken typ av säkerhet som måste ställas för att det bakomliggande avtalsförhållandet skall inledas eller fortskridaThe standard letter of comfort is issued by a parent company for the benefit of its subsidiary or affiliated company, to an external contracting party that has entered, or is about to enter, into agreement with the subsidiary or affiliate. The letter of comfort expresses a certain level of support from the issuer, should the subsidiary or affiliate be unable to perform in accordance with its agree